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Data sleuths who spotted research misconduct cleared of defamation

apwheele
27 replies
19h42m

While a favorable ruling for the Data Colada defendants seemed incredibly likely in the end (and of course being dismissed pre-trial before discovery is a good thing). But it still took over a year, and consisted of several pre-trial hearings with multiple back and forths between them. If I ctrl-f https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.mad.259... I see Pyle (their lawyer) listed 11 times. All the motions and responses are a non-trivial amount of work.

Do folks have a sense of how much the costs would have been just to get dismissed for DC? Seems to be definitely over 10k (50k?) Or am I overestimating.

teractiveodular
7 replies
15h40m

From the page: At present, Leif, Joe, and Uri do not have pro bono representation. The lawyers they’ve spoken to currently estimate that their defense could cost anywhere between $50,000 and $600,000 (depending on how far the lawsuit progresses).

yard2010
6 replies
9h20m

That's scary, really. Having no money for this means you can't afford to fight these criminal crooks. Is this how this works in europe too?

Mkengine
2 replies
9h10m

No, where I live (Germany) you usually have a legal insurance to cover this. The costs are around 30€ per month in my case.

pclmulqdq
0 replies
4h35m

Corporate liability insurance in the US, which is also a very common thing to get, often does not cover your defense against "intentional torts" such as defamation or fraud. It usually covers things like slips and falls, product-related liability, etc. I would be surprised if your German version covers defamation.

Cthulhu_
0 replies
7h41m

I live next door and have some legal insurance, but you need to pay attention to what coverage you get, because you need to select what categories you want coverage for; vehicles (e.g. if someone who caused an accident refuses to cooperate with you), consumer/housing disputes, work and salary, taxes / stocks, family issues like inheritances, second homes / real estate, etc etc etc. And of course, you can't take out insurance for an ongoing issue, it doesn't cover criminal cases (when you did a bad), business cases, etc.

Hamuko
2 replies
9h1m

In Europe, the losing party of a lawsuit generally has to pay for the winner's legal expenses ("English rule"). Never had to go to court so I don't know what you do about the expenses in the meanwhile, but at least there's light at the end of the tunnel when someone sues you just for the heck of it.

pclmulqdq
0 replies
4h33m

In the US, you can ask for fee-shifting if you have been sued frivolously or there has otherwise been some wrongdoing on the part of the other side. These guys may be able to motion for fee-shifting given that the case was dismissed at this early stage.

State defamation cases usually apply anti-SLAPP laws that automatically create fee-shifting in this exact circumstance, but this seems to be a federal case.

jaclaz
0 replies
6h22m

Europe may be too wide a categorization, I am pretty sure that different countries have different ways to deal with the matter.

My (thankfully very little) experience in Italy is for civil litigations at least (where it is rare that one of the two parties get 100% reason) expenses are usually compensated (i.e. every party pays their own ones), in the more rare case where all expenses are paid by the succumbing party, what is liquidated is not really what has been paid, but rather what the expenses would be along some sort of tariff.

If your solicitor/lawyer is a famous (presumably very good as you won) one, it is likely that the amount you spend is much higher than what the judge condemned the other party to reimburse you.

apwheele
0 replies
8h35m

I was aware of that, but I would still be interested to know the actual costs. I do not think "it is ok to blog about potential fraud in scientific publications because GoFundMe will pay for my lawyers" is a good assumption for most individuals.

I see people saying it is a win for open science, and I just look at that Court Listener page and it still fills me with angst.

pclmulqdq
2 replies
19h12m

Thankfully, a lot of the filings appear short enough that I doubt he's going to charge very much. I assume the retainer was still $20-30k, but they may get some of it back.

I was hoping that there would be some fee-shifting here, but it's federal court.

yial
1 replies
14h6m

I would guess a 20-30k retainer in this occurrence would be a discounted retainer as well. I say this just based upon my personal experience with a few smaller firms.

pclmulqdq
0 replies
2h29m

If you're known to be good for the money, you can often get lower retainer bills from lawyers. That's why Donald Trump has to put up tens of millions for any legal project. Many of my lawyers do not ask for retainers for work at all, even for bigger things.

jhauris
0 replies
17h30m

I don't know him or this case, but lawyers tend to often feel that way about the cases they are representing. I wouldn't think that means he's not billing.

aheilbut
2 replies
17h51m

You are underestimating...

tothrowaway
1 replies
16h24m

I would agree. I'm the defendant in a (frivolous) trademark infringement case and my firm (which does work for the EFF) averages about 2 hours per (substantial) page, at a rate of $500/hour. I do wonder in the back of my mind if I'm being taken to the cleaners...

yial
0 replies
14h5m

I have a limited experience, only having been involved in one trademark case professionally and am not a lawyer, but this was a case that very quickly settled and fees were still close to $30,000.

TrackerFF
2 replies
9h35m

I’m not familiar with civil court in the US, but wouldn’t the plaintiff have to cover the legal expenses of the defendant, if the defendant is cleared? Or similar rulings.

yard2010
0 replies
9h15m

Even if it is, it happens months or years later, with today's interest rates you would still end up with a debt unless you have the capital. I'm not even talking about the emotional toll and stress, especially when you're the good guy, just have to prove it..

Hamuko
0 replies
8h55m

No, both sides of a lawsuit are generally responsible for their own costs regardless of what the outcome is. There are some caveats to this, like anti-SLAPP laws, but that's how it generally goes. This is basically in contrast to every other western democracy.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_rule_(attorney%27s_fe...

nullc
1 replies
5h35m

It's not just the money. When you're the target of litigation, particularly irregular specialist domain stuff that it can really take over your life.

You might recover some of your legal costs from your opponent, but the disruption to your life will not be compensated.

godelski
0 replies
1h18m

Not to mention the time it takes. So not only are you losing money, losing time, and it's emotionally taxing, but you often aren't even making money during that time.

hn_throwaway_99
1 replies
14h43m

Or am I overestimating.

Ahh, sweet summer child who has never seen these kind of legal fees.

I do hope Gino gets socked with their legal fees.

pfdietz
0 replies
8h3m

This is why we need anti-SLAPP laws.

rudyfink
0 replies
19h3m

You are probably not overestimating.

Generally, I would guess conferring with the client on the facts, briefing, preparing for a hearing, and arguing a hearing would be north of, at least, 25k, assuming a lower-end rate estimate in the $800+ range and a lower-end work estimate of 30+ hours. If I had to bet, I'd go higher than the low-end estimate: both the rate and hours could be close to double. That said, the attorney / firm could be donating the time on this one.

AtlasBarfed
0 replies
5h46m

Have you seen Harvard's endowment?

I'm sure there's counterdamages and he can take a percentage

teekert
15 replies
20h4m

“… the court has ruled that evidence-backed conclusions regarding fabricated data cannot constitute defamation—which is probably a very good thing for science.”

“Probably good for science”? That is science!

kortilla
10 replies
19h46m

Yes, that’s why the ruling is good for science. It would be a dark world if publishing statistical analysis opened you up to defamation

bluGill
9 replies
19h35m

In the uk at least truth is not defense againts defamation. Beware if you live there.

cortesoft
2 replies
19h26m

My understanding is it is a little more nuanced than that.

The truth is still an absolute defense against defamation in the UK, just like it is in the US, but the difference is who the burden of proof is on.

In the US, it is up to the person suing for defamation to prove the statements were false AND that the person knew them to be false when they said them (or should have known they were false).

In the UK, for someone to use the truth as an absolute defense, they have to prove the statements were true, which is often not very easy.

mr_toad
1 replies
18h17m

In both bases proof is only on balance of evidence, so the difference between proving something is or isn’t true is not as great as it would be if the standard was proof beyond reasonable doubt.

dgfitz
0 replies
18h2m

It’s a lot easier to prove that there is a white swan than a black swan in the world somewhere.

smcin
1 replies
18h51m

My own post here [0] got suddenly multiply downvoted and flagged, even though I wrote it very carefully and double-checked every single statement. Truth defense.

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41526702

oefrha
0 replies
9h26m

TL;DRs are frowned upon on HN because HN encourages people to read the article (especially before commenting) rather than Don’t Read the article.[1] You’re further breaking guidelines by complaining about votes.

That said, your comment isn’t a summary of the article at all.

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12667459

immibis
0 replies
10h43m

The same in Germany.

bugglebeetle
0 replies
19h32m

The same is true in Japan. Very few are aware of how little press freedoms and speech rights are protected there and have regressed further under assault from the ruling LDP party.

appendix-rock
0 replies
19h21m

Very ‘ironic’ that this is quite a…dishonest representation of the truth.

komali2
3 replies
19h44m

It also cited a precedent I didn't know existed for the courts:

The court cites precedent to note that “[s]cientific controversies must be settled by the methods of science rather than by the methods of litigation”

I wonder if this a specific case or just a general precedent? Is general precedent a thing?

vitus
1 replies
15h21m

It's mentioned around page 30-31:

Instead, this is a case where the trial of ideas plays out in the pages of peer

reviewed journals, and the scientific public sits as the jury.” (cleaned up)); Underwager v. Salter,

22 F.3d 730, 736 (7th Cir. 1994) (affirming summary judgment against defamation claims and

stating that “[s]cientific controversies must be settled by the methods of science rather than by

the methods of litigation”).

So, https://casetext.com/case/underwager-v-salter

exegete
0 replies
10h45m

Thanks! I don’t know why my search didn’t find that.

hughesjj
12 replies
17h16m

I'm at the point where if I see it in a TED talk I'm assuming it's a bullshit grifter

protomolecule
7 replies
12h31m

Even if it is a Nobel prize winner like Jennifer Doudna?

guappa
4 replies
11h57m

Well the guy who invented lobotomy got one of those. Or the guy who invented microcredit. To not even venture in the peace nobel prizes area, where getting one is probably indicative of being evil.

adastra22
2 replies
11h19m

I mean the Nobel committee gave the Peace prize to Kissinger. I’m not sure they’re a good bellwether for anything.

seanhunter
1 replies
11h1m

Tom Lehrer famously retired when Kissinger got the peace prize declaring satire to be dead. The really funny one to me is they gave literature to Winston Churchill because they thought they probably couldn't give him peace, then when Kissinger came up they thought "Why not?"

FergusArgyll
0 replies
8h10m

Churchill's autobiography [0] is actually a great read. I'm nowhere near qualified to judge a literature Nobel prize but I loved it. His history of the English speaking peoples is pretty good too.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Early_Life

protomolecule
0 replies
6h31m

Well the guy who invented lobotomy got one of those.

Yeah, and when you see a Nobel prize winner you must be assuming it's a bullshit grifter.

protomolecule
0 replies
6h26m

Yep, it's hard, that's why sometimes it's better not to overgeneralize. But sure, that field is full if unreproducible "research".

zo1
1 replies
13h16m

I blocked the TED channel on YouTube a few years back as it was getting bad. They first diluted their "brand" or quality with TEDx, and it's been downhill since as they've been scraping the bottom of the barrel and tried to "scale" or "franchise". Happens everytime, growth at all costs. The only way to stop it is to have passionate leaders who care more about the goal than the money.

Unfortunately, usually by the time these leaders have established their company they are also on a downward life trajectory in terms of years left, so they switch to "extraction" mode.

Suppafly
0 replies
2h25m

I don't have a problem with the concept of locally branded TED talks under the TEDx umbrella, but I do have a problem of TEDx talks pretending that they are genuine TED talks. Generally actual TED talks have some quality checks built in, they sometimes allow garbage through, but it's far more rigid than the stuff you see at the TEDx talks.

usea
0 replies
15h33m

Even 8 years ago that was a safe view to hold.

hilux
0 replies
13h47m

Me too. Same for pretty much any "scientist" on NPR, or with a popular book. Not EVERY one is a hack or a fraud, but enough are that as a group, they're not trustworthy.

That's a big chunk of my adult life I need to forget, because I was so into the broad field of applied social science, Ariely in particular. It's a real shame.

yard2010
0 replies
9h1m

I would argue: that's just the tip of the iceberg. This is how it works. In a system in which there are external motivations (power, money, number of citations etc.) it's a problem of incentives, and should be solved by putting the emphasis on other values, as a culture. What you describe is a symptom.

Ofc, I'm not trying to defend such behavior.

visarga
0 replies
8h0m

Maybe they were doing "first-person research" on dishonesty. /s

smcin
6 replies
19h54m

[tl;dr] US District Court dismisses Francesca Gino's controversial $25m defamation lawsuit against Harvard Business School and DataColada scientist-bloggers (Simonsohn, Nelson, and Simmons). The judge allowed Gino's breach of contract claim against Harvard to continue.

DataColada's legal defense (so far) was paid for by their own universities; there is also a $378K private GoFundMe organized by Simine Vazire [https://www.gofundme.com/f/uhbka-support-data-coladas-legal-...]. Yet apparently not a penny from the journals which Gino published in, or by HBS, or the funders of Gino's research.

(EDIT: this got upvoted, then suddenly multiply downvoted and flagged - why? I wrote it very carefully and double-checked every single statement. If anyone's quibbling the term "Francesca Gino's controversial $25m defamation lawsuit", that term was used by the MBA-watching blog https://poetsandquants.com/2024/09/12/judge-dismisses-france... )

0cf8612b2e1e
3 replies
19h43m

Do universities typically go to bat for their faculty? Presumably the blog investigation is not done with any direct university involvement.

smcin
0 replies
19h22m

I can't comment, but it's a truly bizarre spectacle to see research integrity being upheld by three public-minded researchers (one of them based in Spain) and a defense fund on GoFundMe organized by an Australian academic. The academic publishers didn't fund them and neither did the funders of the research. We need a discussion about frameworks to fund misconduct researchers (including related legal defense), also about pressures to publish irreproducible results with mediagenic, counterfactual findings.

The entity with the least incentive to fully investigate HBS is, paradoxically... HBS itself... because questions have been raised about multiple other coauthors, the reputational and financial consequences and wrongful termination claims look set to run for a decade. Some have conjectured that whenever the full facts are finally disclosed, this scandal will take out the reputation of Harvard in general (not just HBS, or Behavioral Economics as a field, or priming), or all the Ivies, at least for business-school.

rebanevapustus
0 replies
11h57m

I was the victim of a pretty bizarre super in-your-face academic theft. Someone snooped a half-finished draft of mine off GitHub and...actually got it published in a real journal.

https://forbetterscience.com/2023/10/30/stephensons-alternat...

My institution completely brushed it off as a no problem, and said that it wasn't worth pursuing it at all.

It was very traumatising (and still is). I lost all faith in academia.

dotnet00
0 replies
18h39m

The universities might've deemed it to be an important enough PR situation and low risk enough to do it.

Alternatively maybe they were obligated to back them up if the work was done in their official capacity as faculty?

alach11
0 replies
15h32m

In the August 2nd, 2024 update on the GoFundMe:

"Because our universities have generously funded our defense up to this point, we have not (yet) had to use any of the GoFundMe money... we are reaching out to you to explain how we intend to use it. Obviously if we need the money for our defense, we will use it for our defense. Our plan is to donate any money we do not use to The Scientific Integrity Fund, an organization that defends scientists who find themselves in a predicament that is very similar to ours. "

Simon_ORourke
3 replies
12h59m

So what happens with these costs - surely the failed litigant should shoulder some if not all of the costs of defending this defamation claim?

progbits
0 replies
9h12m

Sadly it doesn't work like that but even that wouldn't be fair. If you lose the defamation as the plaintiff you should be forced to pay the full amount you were suing for to the defendant. Or even a multiple of that.

perihelions
0 replies
10h53m

Often, no. There's a relevant specific fee-recovery mechanism [0] in some, not all, states, because this class of lawsuit acknowledged as being problematic, as being an effective way to silence 1A-protected speech. The deeper problem is that litigation is extraordinarily expensive in the US, and generically easy to abuse as an intimidation weapon—for rich entities to use against those who can't afford lawyers; or for fanatics to use against normal risk-averse people who don't want lawsuits–don't value whatever it is the fanatic is fanatic about, highly enough to go to court to argue it.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_lawsuit_against_publ...

taeric
2 replies
19h54m

This whole ordeal has been crazy. Glad to see some sanity prevailing at this level. Curious where the rest of the story is at. Anyone have a good primer on where things ultimately are, at this point?

Curious on more than just this case. If I recall, there were several large scale misconduct cases that hit back to back. All of those still in flight?

nikcub
0 replies
19h45m

Pete Judo's channel on YouTube has been covering this since the beginning, and other cases:

https://www.youtube.com/@PeteJudo1

IG_Semmelweiss
0 replies
18h35m

I'd love to hear more about the outcome for harvard.

it seems that they mostly did the right thing, but how they went about it may not have been conforming to the pre-determined rules for employees.

anitil
2 replies
19h58m

We're lucky to have hard-headed people willing to put up with legal threats and bullying tactics. I'm not sure I'd have the spine for it. It reminds me of when Ben Goldacre was sued [0] which luckily his publisher covered the costs for.

[0] https://www.badscience.net/files/The-Doctor-Will-Sue-You-Now...

AtlasBarfed
0 replies
4h54m

That is true, but this is so much worse.

1) this is a college

2) it was about research, fundamental to the mission of higher education

3) it was fraud, not error

4) It was HARVARD, exalted bastion of elite colleges, the most prestigious university in the US

I get Harvard is always more about influence and an insiders club rather than any real academic work, but still ... So many heads should roll over this.

andrelaszlo
2 replies
9h50m

To believe that the Original data are fake and the Posted data are real, you’d have to believe that the sensible data are fake and the backwards data are real. That is a difficult thing to believe.

We were right about how the data were altered, Gino’s prevailing explanation for the alterations does not make sense, and yet we are the defendants in this case.

What's the academic term for "mic drop"?

https://datacolada.org/118

polartx
0 replies
2h5m

If she was falsifying data, I must assume it was to support a biased hypothesis she held however the article doesn’t elaborate on what conclusion her fraudulent data supported beyond this being a “behavioral science” study.

Can anyone fill in the gaps to those conspicuously missing details?

andrelaszlo
0 replies
9h38m

This analysis is simple but brilliant. Some rows appeared out of order. They changed them back to what they should be according to their position, then checked the effects on the distributions:

https://datacolada.org/111

Validark
2 replies
18h32m

“[s]cientific controversies must be settled by the methods of science rather than by the methods of litigation”

Boom. And the researchers didn't accuse a person of fabrication, they accused the data of being fabricated.

sparsely
0 replies
9h58m

Courts have had little hesitation to decide these matters themselves for a long time - check out "Bite Mark Analysis" or any number of trials involving medical evidence. While I do think that they need to consider scientific matters they are vastly overconfident in the conclusions reached.

baobabKoodaa
0 replies
3h1m

I don't see any distinction there.

PaulKeeble
2 replies
19h54m

There is no limits a grifter wont go to in order to continue their grift. Those with the funds regularly get away with it purely because they have the funds to sue their opponents into bankruptcy. The system worked in this case but it so rarely does and we see so often people having to back down due to legal threats.

jujube3
0 replies
2h50m

Time flies when you're having funds.

lern_too_spel
0 replies
1h7m

Unlike Gino, Ariely doesn't seem to have had a downfall. He still has a lab at Duke, he keeps getting invited to give talks, his consultancy is still getting contracts. It doesn't make any sense to me. Maybe another behavioral scientist can fake an experiment to explain it.

kmeisthax
1 replies
15h1m

In my opinion, defamation law is not fit for purpose, it's far too easy for rich people with axes to grind to sue their accusers in an attempt to stifle speech by putting a price on their words. Anti-SLAPP motions are supposed to fix this by allowing fee shifting, but they only exist in a handful of states, and I'm still not 100% sure how effective that alone can be at restoring freedom of speech[0].

Until such time as that legal system is fixed, the scientific community should take countermeasures against the law. I'm calling for some kind of universal default clause[1]. If you sue scientific accusers for defamation, you're not doing science anymore, so you should be automatically fired from or kicked out of any scientific institution you're a member of. You could obviously restrain this to only unproven allegations - i.e. get a scientific board to call the allegations bullshit first and then you can bring it to a court. But the pathway of allegations of fraud becoming "put up $100k in legal fees or shut up" is not acceptable in a free society.

[0] Related note: do you remember when Donald Trump was saying he wanted to "open up our libel laws" to make it EASIER to pull this shit!?

[1] "Universal default" is a concept in banking that treats defaulting on any loan the same as defaulting on the specific loan mentioned in the contract.

nullc
0 replies
5h33m

Unfortunately for malicious litigants their whole goal is to damage you with the process or to use the threat of doing so to coerce you. They'll use defamation law when its the path of least resistance but if that's off the table they'll just cook up some other claim.

mzs
0 replies
3h46m

bravo!

SMAAART
1 replies
15h49m

She wrote the book "Rebel Talent: why it pays to break the rules".

larsnystrom
0 replies
9h25m

Practice what you preach, as they say.

xbar
0 replies
2h47m

Arrivederci, Francesca Gino.

red_admiral
0 replies
3h31m

In theory, if the other side can't outpay you on lawyers, truth should be an absolute defense to allegations of defamation. If you're careful enough not to just write "she faked the data" but "based on this evidence ... we believe the data is fake", that should be watertight.

dang
0 replies
6h47m

Related. Others?

Harvard Probe Finds Honesty Researcher Engaged in Scientific Misconduct - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39712021 - March 2024 (15 comments)

They studied dishonesty – Was their work a lie? - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37714898 - Sept 2023 (153 comments)

Crowdfunding a defense for scientific research - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37393502 - Sept 2023 (47 comments)

I’m so sorry for psychology’s loss, whatever it is - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37315292 - Aug 2023 (94 comments)

Support Academic Freedom of Speech - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37153168 - Aug 2023 (1 comment)

Is it defamation to point out scientific research fraud? - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37152030 - Aug 2023 (13 comments)

Harvard professor Francesca Gino was accused of faking data - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36968670 - Aug 2023 (146 comments)

Fabricated data in research about honesty - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36907829 - July 2023 (46 comments)

Fraudulent data raise questions about superstar honesty researcher (2021) - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36726485 - July 2023 (33 comments)

Harvard ethics professor allegedly fabricated multiple studies - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36665247 - July 2023 (215 comments)

Harvard dishonesty expert accused of dishonesty - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36424090 - June 2023 (201 comments)

Data Falsificada (Part 1): “Clusterfake” – Data Colada - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36374255 - June 2023 (7 comments)

Noted study in psychology fails to replicate, crumbles with evidence of fraud - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28264097 - Aug 2021 (102 comments)

A Big Study About Honesty Turns Out to Be Based on Fake Data - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28257860 - Aug 2021 (91 comments)

Evidence of fraud in an influential field experiment about dishonesty - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28210642 - Aug 2021 (51 comments)