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I am starting an AI+Education company

MarcScott
192 replies
1d

I think teaching is one of the few roles that can't be replaced by AI. If you're a self-motivated learner, eager to gain new skills, then AI is perfect for you. Having a virtual Feynman coach you through a Physics course is perfect.

Most learners, the world over, are not self-motivated. The pandemic showed us exactly what children would prefer to do, when they don't have a physical teacher standing over them, which is bugger all. We send kids to school, in the hope they get some education, but the reality is that we use schools for free childcare while we work. If parents have to additionally monitor their child's learning, it breaks down pretty quickly.

I see AI being more of a teaching assistant, rather than a replacement for teachers. Having been in the education game for over twenty five years, I know the difference in impact when comparing virtual learning to in-person training.

OmarShehata
73 replies
23h45m

Most learners, the world over, are not self-motivated

this seems like a bizarre conclusion. In my experience, most people, the world over, are in fact self motivated. You won't see that if you have a very narrow definition of what is it that they're supposed to be learning

kids aren't motivated to do boring math drills, because they don't see why it matters to their life (the real answer is: it does not, they are not wrong).

I appreciated hearing this echoed by Conrad Wolfram in a recent PIMA episode: https://freakonomics.com/podcast/why-do-we-still-teach-peopl...

MarcScott
38 replies
23h27m

In my experience, most people, the world over, are in fact self motivated.

In your experience? The world over? Can you tell me your experience. I've been a teacher for a long time. I've worked in the UK, the USA, PNG, and Kenya.

The vast majority of kids in the developed world don't really care about education. A few do, and they get great grades. Most care more about social status, their cliques, or just surviving the jungle that is school.

School is important. It teaches you how to deal with other people. It teaches you how to deal with people in authority. You can't get that at home, in front of a screen. Learning stuff is secondary. I'm sure there are plenty of people here that are not working in whatever they majored at.

elliotbnvl
29 replies
23h20m

Learning stuff is secondary? Found your problem.

School shouldn't be primarily about experiencing social interaction. It's an artificial environment that disappears as soon as you graduate, and which you'll never find again anywhere else in society. You can learn social interaction in plenty of other settings, most of which are vastly more efficient and realistic. Admittedly, none of them function as daycare...

School should be (and used to be) about learning to learn, building mental discipline and a base of knowledge sufficient to bootstrap whatever other studies appeal to the student, even more so than memorizing a particular list of facts. But it seems that that position has been largely abandoned.

koonsolo
12 replies
23h5m

How does being an employee differ so much from being a student? You still get either good or bad grades for your work. You do assignments, get rules and processes you have to follow, play well with your fellow students/colleagues, etc.

I would say it's quite similar.

elliotbnvl
7 replies
22h50m

I'm mostly talking about the rather artificial division of students into grades of equal ages without taking into account the individual's proclivities, abilities and achievements. This separation is entirely contrary to organic human self-organization (even in work places) from a tribal perspective and results in a great deal of social illnesses (bullying, cliques, etc.) that are, although found elsewhere, exacerbated by the artificiality of the group-making (which is necessary for the public school model as it currently exists today to function).

koonsolo
6 replies
22h37m

At age 12, kids get split up in groups according to their abilities, no?

elliotbnvl
4 replies
22h36m

Not sure what you're referring to, tbh. Are you talking about the occasional student being promoted or held back a grade? If so, I would say that isn't a granular enough separation to be meaningful.

koonsolo
2 replies
12h38m

At least in Belgium, at 12, kids get divided into different schools and systems. You can go into trades, which expects you to be ready at 18 to go work as a plumber, electrician, mechanic, secretary, cook, etc. Or you go towards higher education and so get more focus on math and/or languages. At 18 you are expected to not be ready for the job market but study further.

For my own kids, you really see the differences at 11 to become more profound in their classroom, where some are running behind while others excel. So I saw that 12 is indeed the age where a split is necessary.

You don't have that?

Edit: After some Wikipeding, I see you really don't have that. Wow, that is crazy in my opinion. I have no clue how you could ever organize those differences among students. Here is the system of Belgium: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Belgium.

For example my daughter is 12 and she is in a class "STEM and moderns languages". Very focussed on programming, science, math, and they also get Dutch, French and English. Some of her classmates at the end of the schooyear had to switch because their grades weren't good enough.

So in Belgium, there are even different schools for different tracks.

lurker919
1 replies
7h59m

That sounds so dystopian. What do kids even do at 12? How can you ask them to decide the course of their life at 12, generally they get segregated while choosing an undergrad major around 16 right!

koonsolo
0 replies
7h13m

At 12, there are already big differences among them.

Let's divide it into kids that like to learn vs kids that like to work with their hands. The 2nd group would learn how to work with metal, wood, .... Way more practical stuff, very little theory. The other group is the reverse of course.

At 16, some kids are really tired of sitting in a classroom. For example plumber track would have these 16 year olds already doing an internship with real plumbers. At 18 they can start their own company already.

It's also no secret that a 16 year old in Belgium learns math that in US you would only see at higher education.

I think it works great, and what I saw with my 2 oldest is that last year when they are all still together at age 11, the learning differences really start to show. It's neither fun for the smart ones nor for the slower ones.

goldfishgold
0 replies
16h31m

Definitely not everywhere.

vundercind
2 replies
20h36m

Anyone who hits someone, says truly horrible shit about others, doesn’t do the job at all, constantly distracts others while doing a poor job themselves, blatantly sexually harasses people, et c, is highly likely to get fired from a job, and may go to prison.

The same person as a student, gets tons of chances before maybe having to leave. Depending on what they’re doing, you could just be stuck with them for north of a decade. No escape.

I mean, we can joke about how actually such people still exist at work, but it’s a far less widespread problem and manifests differently.

You can look for other jobs if you want out of a bad work environment. Probably, you’ll be able to find somewhere else to go. Getting out of a bad class is way harder.

There’s a couple huge differences.

koonsolo
1 replies
12h4m

As discussed in another thread already, it seems my own Belgian system differs very much from the US system. (I basically found out with this discussion :D)

And to be honest, I have no idea how you can make the US system work, so I probably agree with you. Come to Belgium and let your kids study here :D.

elliotbnvl
0 replies
57m

I had no idea that Belgium has already implemented a lot of this stuff! That is amazing and gives me a lot of hope.

I wonder if there’s literature analyzing Belgian academic outcomes alongside American academic outcomes.

hackinthebochs
0 replies
22h48m

Work environments tend to be class sorted. You also have recourse to handle people who behave horribly towards you. Disruptors are removed. Everyone is generally aligned towards the same goal. The two are vastly different.

dash2
3 replies
23h4m

Actually, until the mid 20th century almost everyone agreed that school was about building character, which can only be done in a social environment. As a British government report put it in 1846, schools should be "a little artificial world of virtuous exertion".

elliotbnvl
2 replies
22h58m

I believe we agree? Character and mental discipline are closely aligned, perhaps even the same.

dash2
1 replies
22h42m

Character was specifically moral character, which is related to how you interact with others.

elliotbnvl
0 replies
22h16m

Mmh, I have to read more about this, I'm not really familiar with British schooling models of the 19th century.

In any case, the problematic schooling model that persists to this day was introduced around the time of the Industrial Revolution, which predates your references.

techostritch
2 replies
23h11m

This is circular, how do you propose making school about that? If you’re only goal is to maximize the folks who like to obey authority then great, and maybe that’s all you care to do, and maybe you don’t care about losing the kids who don’t have the academics to make it, but you also lose a whole mess of kids at the top end of the spectrum too.

elliotbnvl
1 replies
22h59m

I'm not sure which part of my comment would result in maximizing folks who like to obey authority. I'm more focused on improving individual outcomes in terms of functional individuals, their quality of life, and the contributions they're able to make to society as a whole.

In any case, we homeschool.

I haven't really considered how to improve schooling at scale (particularly in an affordable way), but my proposal would be to introduce a _lot_ more granularity to schooling by eliminating the idea of grades and classes and focusing more on individual assessment.

Obviously this is likely cost prohibitive, but perhaps promoting and subsidizing homeschooling and homeschool co-ops is a good start in that direction, and could give rise to more cost-effective solutions over time. Not all parents are equipped to homeschool, but homeschooling does make use of resources which could be improved and which others could leverage as well.

techostritch
0 replies
22h53m

I’m mixed, I definetly wouldn’t home school my kids and it doesn’t seem scalable and I do think there’s value in a population having a shared identity from education, but, at least from my own experience I suspect my kids will have their most valuable academic opportunities outside of school.

simonw
2 replies
23h8m

"You can learn social interaction in plenty of other settings, most of which are vastly more efficient and realistic."

What settings are those?

afarviral
1 replies
22h47m

Community gardens, sports, religious or interest groups, collectives, contributing in a large household, early work experience, hobbies/interests. It probably is a fairly finite list because societies have optimized for the individual and people are often only active within of a community at work or in education facilities. So a part of a solution in my view would be establishing more communities that are separate from the family... they might look a lot like schools though, so maybe we should just focus on those? There's more need for new communities to be established for other age ranges.

elliotbnvl
0 replies
22h44m

I pretty much agree 100%. We need more, smaller communities – and we need them offline.

Notably, this is largely an American problem, since America is built around cars, which given the capitalist nature of American society proves to be antithetical to establishing local communities.

European and other countries, whose layouts and culture were established in pedestrian days, are much better off in this regard.

walledstance
1 replies
3h49m

“It's an artificial environment that disappears as soon as you graduate, and which you'll never find again anywhere else in society.”

Whoa there, society functions like a school environment.

You have cliches, bullies, enforcers, popular kids, the weirdos, etc.

What are our political parties other than massive cliches?

Bullies you can meet on the road, in stores, and nearly any other place you go.

Enforcers are police, detention centers, and fines.

Popular kids you need look no further than influencers, movie stares, etc.

The weirdos are anyone that doesn’t fit into our cliches.

Also, Foucault would have a few words with you as society is also an artificial environment.

The drama of daily life that plays out just happens in a larger more chaotic scale, but when we left highschool, highschool never left us.

elliotbnvl
0 replies
3h0m

I won’t contest you entirely, but I do ask this: if society functions like a school environment, why do we need a school environment to learn social interaction? It seems at best a secondary or tertiary benefit of a structure that should primarily be focused on intellectual learning. It’s a facsimile of the real world, and facsimiles are always lacking.

Also, I think the biggest thing that present in school environments but missing from other environments is the forced segregation by age range, which prevents the more organic tribal self-organizational practices to which humans have adapted over tens or hundreds of thousands of years.

And I would also add that there are degrees of artificiality and what really matters is not so much whether we have constructed our environments so much as whether or not they have stood the test of time, and adapted to us as much as we’ve adapted to them.

ozim
1 replies
20h16m

Yes teaching how to learn is the way for schools, but it is hard to explain to kids and lots of adults.

Just a nitpick that school enforcing memorizing particular list of facts or memorizing poems - is indeed teaching people how to learn, because how else will you explain to a child or an adult "hey you know if you read this thing 10 times and then try to repeat it another 20 times from memory - guess what !!! that is one trick to learn to memorize something."

But if they spend time on finding out how to memorize hand picked for them stuff and how to perform on exams on limited and picked topics - that sounds like they will be able to learn anything but still too many don't realize what the real lesson there is.

danenania
0 replies
12h11m

If the goal is learning how to memorize, I think it would be better to have specific courses or lessons on memorization rather than making all the subjects needlessly boring and stressful just for the sake of learning memorization techniques.

Knowing how to memorize is occasionally useful depending on one’s profession, but I don’t think it deserves such a heavy emphasis. People naturally remember what is interesting and useful to them. Force-feeding facts or dates or speeches or poems into memory is not fun and has very little educational value. That time and energy would be much better spent on projects that use and integrate the knowledge.

bdangubic
1 replies
22h54m

Learning stuff is 100% secondary. If it wasn't these two below would have same-ish chances in life/career.

Student A: Went to College X and majored in Y. Finished all XXX number of credits and graduated with Bachelor's Degree

Student B: Went to same College X and majored in same Y. Finished all XXX-1 number of credits so is 1 credit short and never got a degree.

Student B is worthless even though she/he learned exactly the same thing as Student A. School (especially in USA) never was and never will be about learning ...

elliotbnvl
0 replies
22h46m

I agree that learning is secondary in practice, but in theory is the whole point of school, and society would be a lot better off if we managed to draw theory and practice closer together.

In your example, I would argue you haven't taken my position to its required logical extent. I don't believe in the value of college degrees at all, the way things are currently structured, and I would discourage my kids from going to college unless they had a very specific career path in mind for which the degree is required. The measurement of learning has become the goal of learning, unfortunately.

afarviral
4 replies
22h55m

I mean ... many people went to school as students for a good 12 years. That's likely tainted experience, less objective perhaps, but nontheless valid experience.

mrguyorama
3 replies
20h47m

Those same people will say "I wish school taught me <X> (things like how to fill out a check book etc"

It did. You didn't pay attention. You want school to teach media literacy? It did, but you complained the whole time "when are we going to use this?". My school taught us how to interpret a "source", how to write well defended arguments (even if I don't always rise to that level), how to calculate mortgage interest rates and payments etc etc etc.

But people will swear up and down "school doesn't teach anything important"

because they didn't pay attention to what was taught!

The primary problem with education in america today is that a huge proportion of parents do not give a fuck about education, see school as just a thing you have to do instead of a constant opportunity. When a kid sees their parent complaining about education being "Liberal brain washing" every other day, why would they pay attention in class?

Education requires emotional and ideological buy in from parents and students for best results.

lmm
1 replies
19h9m

It did. You didn't pay attention.

It didn't. I specifically remember the hole where my class should've explained what a court case actually determines, how the process runs, because I noticed things were missing / being swept under the carpet (we did some mock jury stuff but without the right context for it to teach us anything).

You want school to teach media literacy? It did, but you complained the whole time "when are we going to use this?"

Nope. I specifically remember watching movie "making of" videos and my teacher saying "write this down!" about irrelevant technical details that distracted from the more important stuff the director was saying.

But people will swear up and down "school doesn't teach anything important"

because they didn't pay attention to what was taught!

Nope. I was an engaged, attentive student (indeed a kind of star pupil). I still learnt more in spite of school than because of it. Indeed some of the stuff that's most important for my education and career is stuff I was actively punished for doing at school (poking at the computers to see how they worked). Schools, at least the standard-ish state school that I went to (which had good official ratings) teach the wrong things and teach them badly.

afarviral
0 replies
16h13m

While I'm thankful for schooling for teaching me a variety of things, occasionally recognizing my passions and helping to hone them, it is amusing the disruptive and annoying things I did with the school computers that ultimately became my carreer.

afarviral
0 replies
17h13m

Agreed. There's a really specific form of nostalgia where a matured and adhd-managed person would simply LOVE to do school over again now they see the benefit and realise how absolutely fascinating and achievable learning is. Imagine how easy school would be for a mature adult! I wish being held back a couple of years was normal and encouraged, especially for boys. My life satisfaction would be way higher.

bmitc
1 replies
19h30m

If I made be jaded here. I did extremely well in school(s). I was never a trouble maker and was a top athlete, student, and musician. I think education is supremely important. However, school didn't teach me any of what you mentioned. Because what life teaches is that unless you're Type A, you're not going anywhere. Life teaches that hard work and determination and doing the right things does not get you anywhere. Life teaches you that thinking differently is downright discouraged and rejected.

We mainly teach either boring material or outright lies about how life works. Because we try to put our education on rails, teaching students that that's how life and education works, that's why it's a complete failure. The fact that students in COVID didn't respond to remote lessons is partly because they weren't even engaged prior to COVID.

We don't teach students how to be present, to know nature, how to explore their thoughts and emotions, or how to collaborate.

glial
0 replies
17m

We don't teach students how to be present, to know nature, how to explore their thoughts and emotions, or how to collaborate.

Montessori schools do. Wish they were more common.

BeetleB
0 replies
15h53m

Can you tell me your experience. I've been a teacher for a long time.

And as a result, your experience is mostly limited to kids who are forced to be where they don't want to be. That's a hugely biased data set.

School is important. It teaches you how to deal with other people. It teaches you how to deal with people in authority.

And yet it does a worse job at it than those who are home schooled, as most studies show.

skhunted
13 replies
22h33m

There is evidence that a person’s ability to understand and succeed in algebra is mostly determined by whether or not they can do arithmetic with fractions. Number sense is important in my opinion. Relying always on the calculator or a CAS leaves students confused and befuddled. I see this all the time in calc classes that I teach. The CAS loving students just don’t understand as well.

lmm
7 replies
19h2m

There is evidence that a person’s ability to understand and succeed in algebra is mostly determined by whether or not they can do arithmetic with fractions.

Evidence that it's causative? That would be utterly bizarre and I'd love to see a citation, because doing algebra has nothing to do with fractions. I'd think it's far more likely that there's a strong correlation between the two because they're both determined by the ability to understand and follow the rules of an abstraction/notation system, and if you taught people algebra first and then fractions afterwards you'd say that ability to understand fractions was determined by whether they could do algebra.

skhunted
6 replies
18h8m

Whether it is causative or not it is still the case that someone who doesn’t know fractions will have a hard time in algebra. It would be bizarre to teach someone how to add rational functions before they can add fractions.

lmm
5 replies
15h45m

Whether it is causative or not it is still the case that someone who doesn’t know fractions will have a hard time in algebra.

Doubt. Do you have any evidence at all for this claim?

It would be bizarre to teach someone how to add rational functions before they can add fractions.

Sure, rational functions obviously sit at the intersection of algebra and fractions and require both. But they're hardly some deep foundational piece of algebra; I'm not sure my classes even covered them.

skhunted
4 replies
15h9m

Do you have any evidence at all for this claim?

Only anecdotal evidence. I’ve taught beginning algebra courses at a community college for 23 years. Students who don’t know fractions have a very hard time in algebra. Those who can’t understand that x + 5/3 x is 8/3 x have a hard time understanding that 2xy+ay is (2x + a)y.

Understanding rational functions helps to understand what vertical asymptotes are and as such are a fundamental source of examples when learning limits. They also aid in understanding why tan(x) has vertical asymptotes where cos is 0. Every complete algebra curriculum includes rational functions. I say complete because algebra is usually broken up into 3 courses (2 at the pre-college level).

lmm
3 replies
14h18m

Those who can’t understand that x + 5/3 x is 8/3 x have a hard time understanding that 2xy+ay is (2x + a)y.

Sure - but that's just as true in reverse.

Understanding rational functions helps to understand what vertical asymptotes are and as such are a fundamental source of examples when learning limits. They also aid in understanding why tan(x) has vertical asymptotes where cos is 0. Every complete algebra curriculum includes rational functions.

Meh. x^-1 is a good example of some things, sure, but I don't remember ever doing addition of rational functions which is what you originally talked about, and I went through an extremely reputable maths degree.

skhunted
2 replies
14h3m

You learned about rational functions in high school or middle school (most likely given your use of “maths”). I can tell you have very little experience with teaching. Most students who know that x + 5/3 x is 8/3 x have trouble, initially, with understanding that 2xy+ay is (2x + a)y. There is a reason for the order in which topics are taught.

lmm
1 replies
13h37m

You learned about rational functions in high school or middle school

No middle school, and I very much doubt it. Searching I can see them mentioned in a further maths GCSE (which is something most schools including the one I went to don't offer, and rather suggests they're not on the regular maths GCSE, which would match my memory).

Most students who know that x + 5/3 x is 8/3 x have trouble, initially, with understanding that 2xy+ay is (2x + a)y.

Who know that first or who have been taught it? I genuinely would like to see any actual evidence that the latter is objectively more difficult than the former.

skhunted
0 replies
5h21m

I can tell you have very little experience with teaching. But surely your thoughts on the topic must be on par or superior to those with training and experience. My wife is a doctor and lots of people like to tell her how the body works and why she must be wrong. They think reading a blog post on vaccines is equivalent to 4 years of med school. The same phenomenon occurs in education. Lots of people think that since they went to school they know about teaching and how it should be done.

aleph_minus_one
4 replies
20h34m

There is evidence that a person’s ability to understand and succeed in algebra is mostly determined by whether or not they can do arithmetic with fractions. Number sense is important in my opinion.

My opinion differs a lot here. I would not say that I have a good number sense (I guess that people who have to do "numeric calculations" or "back-of-the-envelope calculations" as daily part of their job have a much better number sense than me). On the other hand, I find it rather easy to learn really abstract algebraic concepts (think Grothendieck-style algebraic geometry or similarly abstract mathematical topics), which many people (most of them with much better number sense than me) tend to find insanely difficult.

skhunted
3 replies
20h10m

The number sense I talk of is not being able to do numerical calculations easily or in your head but rather understanding how to operate with numbers and their different representations. A person who can understand algebraic geometry doesn’t have trouble understanding things like simplifying x + 5/3 x. People workout any number sense have a hard time with this. Knowing that 8/3 is just a different way of writing 1+5/3 is confusing to them.

aleph_minus_one
2 replies
19h38m

Textbooks about "abstract nonsense" rarely require you to do such routine calculations/simplifications - they rather require you to be capable of making sense of definitions that are (at a first glance) insanely far removed from anything you have seen in your real life: I would rather liken it to taking strong, dangerous hallucinogenic drugs, and making sense of the world that you now see (which is something that only some people are capable of); by the way: I don't understand why hallucinogenic drugs are illegal, but textbooks about very abstract math are not. :-D

On the other hand, textbooks about, say, analysis and mathematical physics (both in a broader sense) - which can also be very complicated - have a tendency to demand a lot of (also long, tedious) "routine" calculations from the reader (often to do by his own). For these areas of mathematics your argument surely makes sense.

skhunted
1 replies
18h9m

I studied commutative algebra in graduate school which is an adjacent subject to algebraic geometry. People capable of understanding Hartshorne have number sense.

aleph_minus_one
0 replies
17h50m

I just wrote down how I feel about this topic.

Textbooks about particular areas, in particular specific topics in physics (including mathematical physics), teach me a lot about number sense (and let me feel that mine is not really good or perhaps badly trained). On the other hand, these very abstract topics feel like a quite different activity to me that is only barely related to number sense.

People capable of understanding Hartshorne have number sense.

This can also be explained by the hypothesis that people with a strong number sense love to feel themselves challenged - thus they attempt to understand this nontrivial textbook (even though understanding it may in particular require different skills).

sillysaurusx
5 replies
23h41m

I think it might be worth considering whether you’ve had a privileged upbringing. Thinking back on it, the majority of people probably would have been content to play games all day. You could argue that that’s learning, but unfortunately it’s not the kind of learning that society tends to reward.

I’ve heard that kids in upper middle class circles are totally different in this regard though. Maybe they want to do more on average.

pigscantfly
4 replies
23h25m

I think this perspective is belied by the vast over-subscription of free public education in places where it has previously been paid only[1] (at this point, mainly in Africa). It does seem like there is strong evidence that most children and parents recognize the value of education and are self-motivated to pursue it where it is accessible to them. I believe it follows that lowering cost and barriers to quality education will improve outcomes without a need to otherwise coerce participation.

[1] See, most recently, Zambia

geodel
3 replies
22h38m

Not really. In my experience it is mostly effect of socio-legal pressure that kids can't be anywhere but school. In primary schools most kids are bored or miserable as hell while in school. And further parents keep pushing it because apparently education is key to future success / great career.

For higher education there is charade of education to get jobs. So for office manager job where grade 8 would be enough, we have MBAs now because we all need advanced education to survive in global economy blah..blah.

aleph_minus_one
2 replies
19h13m

For higher education there is charade of education to get jobs. So for office manager job where grade 8 would be enough, we have MBAs now because we all need advanced education to survive in global economy blah..blah.

This would actually be a good business opportunity: hire such "grade 8 educated" people as office managers, but pay them much less than MBAs. If they are nearly as good as MBAs, you save a lot of money on this group of employees, and thus your company has a strong economic advantage.

lmm
1 replies
19h6m

hire such "grade 8 educated" people as office managers, but pay them much less than MBAs.

The trouble is it's performance all the way up and down. In the first place you're only going to get the weirdos / extreme gamblers, and then you'll struggle to attract investors, your clients/suppliers will wonder why your business development folks missed their classical references...

aleph_minus_one
0 replies
18h54m

In the first place you're only going to get the weirdos

You will (hopefully) nevertheless check whether an applicant has the necessary traits to be a decent office manager. On the other hand, I wouldn't claim that weirdos are necessarily bad office managers.

TrainedMonkey
4 replies
23h20m

the real answer is: it does not, they are not wrong

The real real answer is that it probably does, but on a much longer timescale that we generally consider and it is really hard to explain why. Something like better math skills lead to better life outcomes. Maybe due to a better model of the world and sharper thinking, but I am just guessing.

elliotbnvl
3 replies
23h11m

I would tend to agree with your last (speculative) point. The breakdown lies in communicating this to students and ensuring that each student receives adequate support at their own pace and style of learning.

DiggyJohnson
2 replies
22h23m

What is a disproportionate amount of people are claiming to require a slower pace and visual-only learning style?

elliotbnvl
1 replies
22h20m

They very well may! Unfortunately, since our approach to teaching how to learn is flawed to the core, it results in peoples' ability to learn being compromised from the very beginning, requiring them to build their knowledge base and learning approach on shaky foundations.

The way to correct this is by imbuing students with the confidence and skills required to learn (according to their style of learning) correctly from the very beginning, so that they build on solid foundations instead.

DiggyJohnson
0 replies
16h11m

I guess what I’m saying is that the whole learning styles stuff seems to be bunk.

abdullahkhalids
2 replies
23h31m

kids aren't motivated to do boring math drills, because they don't see why it matters to their life (the real answer is: it does not, they are not wrong).

Most kid athletes are also not self-motivated to run laps, or do boring repetitive drills, when they know from experience that these activities help them win games within the next few months. Usually need a coach to force them to do them. Same for young music players. Practicing scales endlessly does make you a better musician. But they won't do it till forced.

The primary reason kids don't like running laps or playing scales or doing math drills is because they are boring.

seabass-labrax
0 replies
22h42m

Practicing scales endlessly does make you a better musician. But they won't do it till forced.

The value of such exercises, or any other drill-based curriculum, must be measured with its opportunity cost. If you practise scales for an hour a day, you can indeed reliably expect to be better at your musical instrument, but it could very well be that the same hour spent on improving another skill (sight-reading, articulation etc.) would make you considerably better still at your instrument.

I think it might be more generally useful to say that, in order to develop well-rounded competency in a given field, one should expect to sometimes have to perform boring drills.

nsagent
0 replies
22h58m

Reminds me of a recent podcast with Staša Gejo [1], a top competition climber. She basically says the same thing. At times she hated being told to do drills growing up, but really valued that later because as a kid she sometimes didn't feel like doing the hard work necessary for the outcomes she desired.

[1]: https://youtube.com/watch?v=hg4jPdMnPyE&t=995

ugh123
0 replies
23h28m

kids aren't motivated to do boring math drills, because they don't see why it matters to their life (the real answer is: it does not, they are not wrong).

I think you are partially right in that the dryness of much of math teaching hides a lot of the underlying material's applicability to life. I think one thing AI could do is help design rich situational lessons that could are prompted, vetted, and updated by teachers and then taught to the class. It could be trivial to create incremental difficulty of problem materials tailored to each student's progress and goal.

trod123
0 replies
20h27m

There are quite a number of experts who would disagree with your conclusion.

Upon reaching a certain threshold of technological dependence, the need for rational thought (which includes calculation) is tied to the need for food. The actual yield may be low based on other factors, but it is absolutely necessary for survival.

The alternative you suggest, is where technology no longer advances.

Logically then, population growth hits a malthusian trap, the old crowd out the young since they have the most influence, and then a depopulation occurs as the old naturally die off, and replacement births cannot sustain those dependent systems used to feed the masses.

You get a dragon-king event where everyone its a free for all over food and bare necessities, farming no longer becomes possible (because of looters), and the world order collapses to pre-agrarian levels, assuming the environment isn't destroyed in the chaos (i.e. MAD and Nuclear Fallout).

There are much better ways to calculate than are currently taught in schools, Trachtenberg System and Vedic Maths have worked well in many places.

Mental math has been around for quite some time, and the principles of math are all about finding uncommon knowledge or information that is not immediately apparent (though it becomes so via various mathematical transformations).

The current pedagogy of math is all about sieving and exclusion, and rote-authority based teaching, since it is a requirement for any specialized area of science (and is only taught in relation to mathematical concepts, instead of intuitive approaches). This is why they adopted a burn-the-bridge strategy right around trigonometry at the grade school level (intended to cause PTSD/suffering/torture), to safeguard against disruptive innovators at the source.

Algebra -> Geometry -> Trig

1 -> 2 -> 3

What do you suppose happens when the passing grading criteria in 1 is changed from just following the process (but not correct answer) to 2 (separate unrelated material which is passed) to 3 (correct process and correct answer).

If they fail Trig, and the problems are from Algebra (not something a teacher paid bupkiss will bother to look at), how do they go back if they passed Geometry? The students not knowing why they are failing are simply told, well you maybe you are just not good at math and should consider other paths if you can't do it.

This structure is called burning the bridge because it makes it so you can't go back from a progression standpoint. Ironically, this structure was adopted at the request of representatives from the National Teachers Union in the late 80s/90s, and largely remains the same today.

There are several other progression sieves embedded in academia intended to make it almost impossible for us as a society to develop a large number of creative people who reach einstein-level achievements in math and science (outside-self study, or specific environments/private schools).

This broad push largely started in the 1970s in publishing, and expanded from there.

moffkalast
0 replies
23h40m

Yeah if anything, current education system is so garbage that it manages to completely demotivate curious kids who want to genuinely learn. It's designed around adults that need to run the place, runs at the wrong pace for most students and focuses on PTSD-inducing high anxiety testing constantly because it's easy to do for the teachers. Not to mention piles of pointless busywork as homework that's been proven to not help with learning at all.

koonsolo
0 replies
23h10m

In my experience

So you are a teacher?

endisneigh
0 replies
23h36m

I’m curious - have you ever taught in a public school?

choppaface
0 replies
23h30m

Feedback is a critical part of education as well as motivation for learning. But the act of giving feedback is very hard to scale, even for virtual learning. Enter an LLM chatbot, which is imperfect but can fill a lot of gaps in expectation. Chatbots certainly aren’t for everybody, but the large gains in accuracy in years past make them on average more effective.

ilaksh
28 replies
23h54m

AI certainly can't completely replace teachers, but the potential gains for personal tutoring from SOTA LLMs still seem enormous to me.

And I'm not trying to make a general argument against in person training. But I think the details of how virtual learning happens matters quite a lot. AI can make it much more personalized and make tutoring relatively affordable. Don't you think?

dinobones
25 replies
23h52m

AI has personally tutored me about obscure, deep linear algebra concepts. It's so great to get applied examples and be able to ask why/how something works, rather than reading a stuffy Wikipedia article or math textbook.

It's been extremely effective for me, where reading a math textbook/wikipedia article seemed like too much effort, but a friendly conversation with my AI tutor was just fine.

brendoelfrendo
22 replies
23h32m

How can you bring yourself to trust the AI? Just yesterday a friend and I asked Chat-GPT a physics question, and for some reason his assistant asserted that the speed of light was 3,000 m/s, which is off by two orders of magnitude. We know that's wrong so we can tell the AI to do it again but right this time, but if it was explaining a concept we didn't already understand, I can't see how the output would be any more meaningful than asking a random stranger and trusting their response.

simonw
7 replies
23h2m

How can you bring yourself to trust a human teacher? Humans are wrong sometimes too, often with confidence.

The trick to learning effective timely (with both LLMs and human teachers) is to recognize that you should learn from more than one source. Think critically about the information you are being exposed to - if something doesn't quite feel right, check it elsewhere.

I genuinely believe that knowing that an information source is occasionally unreliable can help you learn MORE effectively, because it encourages you to think critically about the material and explore beyond just a single source of information.

I've been learning things with the assistance of LLMs for nearly two years now. I often catch them making mistakes, and yet I still find them really useful for learning.

danielmarkbruce
2 replies
22h49m

To your point... if you trust anything, you already are at a big disadvantage in learning. It's the wrong attitude.

camdenreslink
1 replies
15h39m

If you can't trust a teacher or a textbook, then you are in big trouble. Especially if it is a brand new subject to yourself where you don't have an intuition about what is correct/incorrect. Part of a teacher/student relationship is obviously trust.

danielmarkbruce
0 replies
14h30m

No, you aren't. You can listen to ideas and think about them and attribute them to the sources and come to (or not) your own conclusions.

The reason it's such a bad idea to "trust" the way you are suggesting is that many fields are quackery. Do you trust that fancy textbook and sophisticated sounding professor from first year macroeconomics?

camdenreslink
1 replies
15h36m

The problem is that LLMs in their current state confidently lie. They will tell you that 38 + 22 = 3822 without a shred of uncertainty.

If you are a 7 year old learning how to do arithmetic with fractions, there is no way that will help you learn more effectively.

simonw
0 replies
4h35m

Right, so don't use them if you are a seven year old. LLM-assisted learning requires skill in learning.

brendoelfrendo
0 replies
1h20m

A human understands what they're saying. If a human teacher is working through a math problem and isn't sure of their work, they're able to stop and correct their mistake. An AI math teacher is trained on a corpus of data - probably very similar to the data that the human teacher was trained on, though I'm sure the AI was trained on far more data than any single human ever was - but can't do the introspective part. To put it another way, I think we agree that humans learn better by assessing multiple sources and thinking critically. An AI is very good at the former, but very bad at the latter, and I would rather have a teacher that can think critically about what it is saying to me.

aleph_minus_one
0 replies
20h27m

How can you bring yourself to trust a human teacher? Humans are wrong sometimes too, often with confidence.

If humans/AIs are wrong about a topic (in particular wrong in a confident way) multiple times, I will stop trusting them to be experts in the topic. What I experienced is rather that many human experts in academia tend to be honest when they are not sure about the answer.

AuryGlenz
5 replies
23h6m

Ever since the step(s) beyond ChatGPT 3.5 I haven't noticed any huge errors like that, personally. Are you sure you were on a new model?

Also, how can you trust anyone? People are wrong. Teachers can be wrong. Web pages can be wrong. Books can be wrong. I think LLMs will probably soon be the least likely to be wrong out of any of those.

Slyfox33
2 replies
17h43m

I just asked chatgpt: "comparing 9.9 and 9.11, which is larger?"

and it responded:

9.11 is larger than 9.9.

When comparing these two numbers:

    9.9 can be written as 9.90 to have the same number of decimal places.
    9.11 remains 9.11.
Comparing digit by digit:

    The integer part (9) is the same for both.
    The first decimal place (9 vs. 1): 9 is larger.
    The second decimal place (0 vs. 1): 1 is larger, which makes 9.11 larger overall.
So, 9.11 > 9.9.

BeetleB
0 replies
15h43m

He's an AI. He's biased towards sorting algorithms :-)

AuryGlenz
0 replies
2h0m

I should have put a big asterisk and mentioned that my comment didn't apply to straight-up math.

dinobones
1 replies
23h1m

Yeah exactly this, ChatGPT 4-o very rarely, if ever, hallucinates.

aleph_minus_one
0 replies
20h22m

A very easy way to get basically every current AI model to hallucinate:

1. Ask a highly non-trivial research question (in particular from math)

2. Ask the AI for paper and textbook references on the topic

At this point, already many of these references could be hallucinations.

3. If necessary ask the AI where in these papers/textbooks you can find explanations on the questions, and/or on which aspect of the question or research area the individual references focus.

nathan11
2 replies
22h39m

This problem isn't exclusive to current implementations of AI.

I had a US business professor explain in one of my business classes that making a bit more money might push you over into the next tax bracket and cost you more in taxes than you made.

This guy had a PhD, had been teaching for decades and apparently didn't understand the marginal tax system.

sensanaty
0 replies
5h13m

But he's not really wrong, either.

In the Netherlands we have a marginal tax rate, so every Euro over X gets taxed 10%, everything over Y gets taxed 15% etc. (simplified numbers obviously).

However, often times it's better to stay in the top of a lower bracket because of tangentially-related benefits, such as healthcare subsidies, rent subsidies and other things like that. If you go from tax bracket 1 -> 2 because you get a 100 euro raise, sure you'll get 100 euros more (well, more like 95 but whatever), but you also lose out on more than that in the form of a loss in other benefits.

My partner went through this recently, she got a raise at work, but as a result she actually lost the subsidized rent money she got from the gov't. She had to request her workplace lower her wage so she was under the limit, because otherwise she couldn't have afforded rent on her own, and if the raise was even 2 euros/hr higher, she might've even been kicked out of her social housing situation.

That's because the benefits aren't marginal, they work on a hard cut-off limit. Anything over X amount and you're just cut off, you're not gradually weened off it until you're at a high enough income to not require gov't help.

BeetleB
0 replies
15h44m

I had a US business professor explain in one of my business classes that making a bit more money might push you over into the next tax bracket and cost you more in taxes than you made.

He's not wrong. You are correct if you consider only income taxes. But there are other tax benefits that lead to discontinuities with respect to income.

As an example, in my state you can deduct up to $5000 of contributions to a 529 plan if your income is under $250K. Go a penny above that threshold, and you can deduct only $2500. That extra penny just reduced your refund by a few hundred dollars.

gjm11
2 replies
21h29m

Nitpick: Your number of orders of magnitude is off by a (binary) order of magnitude.

The speed of light is about 300,000,000 m/s. (In fact it's exactly 299,792,458 m/s, because that's how the metre is defined.) So 3,000 m/s is off by five (decimal) orders of magnitude, not two.

brendoelfrendo
0 replies
1h42m

Ha! Here I am complaining about Chat-GPT's obviously wrong answer and I get something so obviously wrong. Yes, thank you for pointing that out.

BeetleB
0 replies
15h46m

Counter nitpick: You can reduce any discrepancy to two orders of magnitude by changing your base :-)

xanderlewis
0 replies
7h3m

I also asked GPT-4 some very basic questions about modular arithmetic the other day, which it got confidently — and very badly — wrong.

mecsred
0 replies
22h57m

Trust but verify. If you're doing your homework you should be able to notice things not lining up and ask the model about them. Human teachers can also make mistakes (though usually less than an AI hopefully) and it's the same process dealing with those.

In my opinion the best teachers just direct your questions in the direction where the answers you find give you the most useful information. I'm optimistic that AI could be an improvement to the average for scientifically minded learners, though I wouldn't expect it to be more effective than a 1 on 1 with a good teacher.

xanderlewis
0 replies
7h5m

obscure, deep linear algebra concepts

Could you give some examples?

danielmarkbruce
0 replies
22h51m

A likely truth no one wants talk about : LLMs will only help people who want to learn. Those people are likely already in very good shape in life. The amount of help from LLMs is likely very high for such people - as you note the ability to have a back and forth is very helpful.

For 99% of the population, they aren't going to do this. It is what it is.

eldaisfish
1 replies
23h50m

A major part of the learning process is your peers. Learning is groups has benefits especially when you can bounce ideas off other humans.

You cannot replace that with a machine.

ilaksh
0 replies
23h48m

Gotcha. So I guess the question is, can an AI run a Zoom meeting or interactive multiplayer learning game with a bunch of kids on it? Have to admit that might be a stretch.

renjimen
16 replies
23h28m

I really agree. And I think it's likely your detractors have not stepped foot in a classroom lately.

The issue is not engaging teachers. The teachers we have here in BC are excellent and love their subjects (my wife and many of my friends are teachers). The issue is behaviour, which has deteriorated significantly since COVID, though the changes have many other contributors.

Try asking an AI to engage with 30 kids who are on their phones with earbuds in. You absolutely need a human as a teacher.

That said, AI teaching could be a great teaching assistant.

fritzo
11 replies
23h23m

AI would engage individually with each student via those earbuds

renjimen
9 replies
23h17m

A large amount of engagement is reading and responding to body language. There are also no social ramifications of ignoring your laptop.

Don't get me wrong, I think AI has a role in the future classroom, but that should be lead by professional educators used to dealing with children.

There is also the social side to education that goes beyond course content. Teachers are not just there to dole out information, but to act as role models and part time parents.

exe34
2 replies
23h3m

There are also no social ramifications of ignoring your laptop.

you could absolutely have a digital social credit system the way you have game scores and leaderboards. once you get a competitive system like that going, it would sustain itself. top students could get to visit cool stuff like grown up labs and get involved in museums, etc. bottom ones could be celebrated with a virtual dunce hat on their avatars.

the problem is how mediocrity is now valued over hard work.

renjimen
1 replies
38m

No thank you. Keep Big Brother out of the classroom.

exe34
0 replies
14m

He's watching everything else already, he's even in your child's bedroom already due to proctor spyware.

criddell
1 replies
23h11m

I don’t think children are the initial target of this company, but I get what you are saying.

The type of person who’s going to sign up for a course from this company are probably already autodidacts to some degree.

If I were teaching sixth grade mathematics, I wouldn’t be too worried yet. If I were running one of the many mathematics academies that have popped up throughout a lot of more affluent ‘burbs, I’d be very worried.

evanwolf
0 replies
22h32m

Yes, it looks like this project is starting with helping highly motivated adult learners go deep into a hard to teach/learn material. Contrast this with the Khan Academy approach at https://www.khanmigo.ai/ targeting young students and their teachers and parents with broad assistance across subjects. Maybe they converge?

ImPostingOnHN
1 replies
21h44m

> A large amount of engagement is reading and responding to body language.

I don't follow this assertion – it's possible to be engaged by something that doesn't even have a body. For example: the things currently engaging them in this scenario – their phones (or whatever's on them).

renjimen
0 replies
41m

Engagement being a two way thing between the teacher and student. In this case I was referring to the teacher reading and responding to the student's body language.

BeetleB
1 replies
15h57m

A large amount of engagement is reading and responding to body language.

That's due to a limitation of the current medium, don't you think? When I started going to school, I had to improve my social awareness not because it's an inherently, objectively better way to learn, but because that's what was needed as a result of how the classroom is structured.

renjimen
0 replies
34m

But social awareness is part of adult life, and school is the place we prepare our children for adult life, not just to excel in academic tests.

Neekerer
0 replies
23h21m

Kids would just take the ai earbuds out

whimsicalism
1 replies
4h34m

We use teachers as enforcers. But in my experience going to a big urban public school, the best enforcers are often completely orthogonal to the best knowledge-conveyers and I think we could have specialization for each of these roles.

In my opinion, the best enforcers generally are charismatic yet firm and come from a similar community/background to that of the students. The best teachers have an infectious passion for their subject, but oftentimes that trades off with their ability to enforce.

renjimen
0 replies
26m

Yes, a teacher's role is as much behaviour management as it is knowledge transfer. I think most teachers would love to shift the focus to the latter, but it seems to be shifting more to the former of late. Knowledge transfer is what teachers are actually trained to do, with very little of professional pedagogy training about behaviour management (at least, anecdotally from my teacher wife).

I don't know what the future of education looks like, but it sounds like there are significant behaviour problems in the classroom at the moment, with many teachers quitting or retiring early as a result of not being able to do what they are trained to do (teach).

mirekrusin
0 replies
19h14m

Why would you have more than one student per ai teacher?

MarcScott
0 replies
23h20m

I was walking to my classroom last Thursday, and a kid pushed another kid down the stairs, right into me. I went ballistic, and sorted it all out, but there is no way an online AI tutor can deal with that kind of behavior. So if you want social education, you need physically present teachers. If you want online education, then parents are going to have their work cut out.

zulban
13 replies
23h41m

I imagine a world where a 19 year old takes a few courses in first aid, child psychology basics, and now they're a licensed "class supervisor". They aren't university educated but the AI is what offers personalized learning and expertise to the students.

Most teachers today aren't experts anyway, we just pretend they are. So I'm not sure "replaced by AI" is the right way to frame the conversation. Instead, it may change education.

bruce343434
4 replies
23h0m

Most teachers today aren't experts anyway

Lmao what

eldaisfish
2 replies
21h9m

this place is filled with people who are motivated to learn for themselves which creates a huge sampling bias.

You will see this come up in all sorts of discussion and i find it enlightening as to how exactly the decisions behind modern software are made.

Too many here fail to realise that real life has all sorts of edge cases and exceptions, including bad teachers.

Claiming that most teachers aren't experts is just another example of this. One student learns more about one narrow topic and then dismisses the teacher's broader, but shallower knowledge as being that of a non-expert.

Typical of the general population, myself included.

zulban
0 replies
19h18m

One student learns more about one narrow topic and then dismisses the teacher's broader, but shallower knowledge as being that of a non-expert.

Perhaps you're talking about me (I said teachers are generally not experts in anything). I was a teacher for a few years and got a master's degree in education. That doesn't mean I'm right but I don't think it's smart to dismiss people on the internet as "probably just some dismissive student with narrow expert knowledge". I don't think I'm "general population" on this subject.

Teaching in North America has low professional requirements and even lower pay. The profession gets almost no respect. As a result, experts in anything (including experts in education) are pushed out of the career because it's a shitshow.

whimsicalism
0 replies
4h27m

You all clearly went to excellent schools, because as someone who went to a low performing urban one, what they’re saying is obviously true to me.

zulban
0 replies
19h25m

Yes. Teachers in North America are not respected or paid as professionals. The typical university acceptance criteria to become a teacher is very low. The pay is rock bottom.

Great teachers exist too but generally teachers are not experts in anything, including teaching.

visarga
2 replies
22h37m

I think online courses and AI education need the kind of supervision you mentioned. But they should also be able to give career advice, not just watch the room and push students to focus.

zulban
1 replies
19h28m

I'm not talking about the perfect classroom. I'm talking about something that could realistically be better than the ludicrously underfunded garbage we have today.

whimsicalism
0 replies
4h28m

My urban public school basically spent as much per year for me as it cost for me to go to Harvard. I am not convinced of this ‘underfunded’ as root of problem thesis.

freejazz
2 replies
23h0m

Most teachers today aren't experts anyway, we just pretend they are

Experts in what, grade school math? Do you mean professors?

zulban
1 replies
19h35m

In anything. Like math, or math education. I was a teacher for years and studied education and I've seen some shit. The acceptance criteria for education degrees is often the lowest of any field in colleges/universities. The pay is extremely low. Great teachers exist, but often teaching is just a backup career for non-experts that don't know what else to do.

Outside North America teachers are sometimes respected and paid as professionals like a doctor or lawyer. Here they're more likely the butt end of a joke. You don't need to be an expert in anything to be a teacher in NA, generally.

freejazz
0 replies
16h10m

Sorry, but you didn't really answer the question. What would they be in an expert in? Grade school math?

meindnoch
1 replies
23h21m

Sounds fucking afwul to be frank.

zulban
0 replies
19h30m

Far better than many classrooms in North America today tho. Folks who disagree simply don't know anything about the huge waste of time that many kids are put through everyday.

elliotbnvl
6 replies
23h26m

The pandemic showed us exactly what children would prefer to do, when they don't have a physical teacher standing over them, which is bugger all.

This is not true. The pandemic showed us exactly what children who are accustomed to being force-fed information and whose natural learning mechanisms and curiosity have been suppressed in favor of a generalized one-size-fits-all approach do when suddenly removed from the only learning paradigm they've ever been exposed to.

My kids (not yet old enough for school) are extremely self-motivated to learn and explore the world around them. So am I, and that never went away over the course of a full homeschool education.

infecto
3 replies
23h20m

Totally incorrect. The vast majority of the population are relying on schools and teachers to potty train, teach manners, instill excitement for learning and basically do everything a parent should be doing. Large number of kids have no real parent figure and thats from all types of backgrounds. We are not talking about kids who have strong households where learning and general manners are being taught.

elliotbnvl
2 replies
23h18m

I agree with you, but fail to see how our viewpoints are mutually exclusive?

infecto
1 replies
6h56m

While different teaching styles have their pros and cons, and a more hands-on approach might yield better results, the problem over the past 5-10 years is that many children lack parental support. Regardless of the pedagogy style chosen, without parents providing a strong foundation, meaningful progress in the classroom is unlikely.

Your kids clearly have a present parent who is engaged, it is a stark difference to many other kids.

elliotbnvl
0 replies
59m

It seems like that’s a societal problem that should be tackled at a societal level, rather than a fundamental failing of students.

It’s not something schools can fix, regardless of the style of pedagogy chosen; so why not improve school in its area of focus, and introduce solutions to students’ home life at the same time?

Easier said than done, I know, but focusing on the wrong area will get even less done.

dontlikeyoueith
1 replies
23h24m

The ignorance of this post is astounding.

You and your kids are not typical of society at large.

elliotbnvl
0 replies
23h18m

Could you elaborate? I would like to be less ignorant, if possible.

I went to public high school, public community college, and college. None of these experiences have changed my opinion, but rather informed it.

yaj54
4 replies
22h50m

Kids, when given the choice, will choose to play games (of many different kinds) above just about anything else.

The future of education is the playful gamification of relevant skills, knowledge, and behaviors.

toofy
3 replies
22h36m

kids will choose many different kinds of activities at any given time.a lot of kids really don’t like games, some do, some don’t.

i’m not trying to be pedantic, but anytime someone implies a human, particularly a kid will be at all predictable shows an incredible lack of understanding of people. the vast array of moods, time of day, quality of sleep the night before, are they hungry, mood of the parents when they drove them to school, how did their school/work day go, how was their social day, and on and on and on.

again, apologies, i’m not trying to be pedantic but i think in this particular topic it reeeeaalllly matters.

yaj54
1 replies
21h31m

My broad sweeping generalization was primarily meant as a counterpoint to this from parent comment: "The pandemic showed us exactly what children would prefer to do, when they don't have a physical teacher standing over them, which is bugger all."

My point is more that kids, when left to their own devices (with basic needs met), will find ways to occupy themselves that they find interesting that are not outcome oriented (I call this playing).

And I personally have never met a kid that didn't like playing in some form or another, though the form of playing is highly, highly individualized.

signatoremo
0 replies
20h1m

Is reading playing? Because most kids I’ve seen enjoy reading.

cha42
0 replies
21h13m

I don't understand at all my kids choices in game or way of spending time at all

It seems completely random but in a coherent way. It is wonderful.

Anyway, you are right and not pedantic at all.

lacy_tinpot
4 replies
23h32m

Most people that are academically inclined are self motivated and have a desire to learn more.

Most people aren't academically inclined so it follows that most people aren't academically self motivated. Therefore among those that are academically inclined it is important to provide them with all the tools necessary because they're the ones that will most likely excel in an academic environment.

It is odd that the curriculum tends to accommodate people that aren't academically inclined at the expense of those that actually want to learn.

People that aren't academically inclined should not be forced to learn, or at least forced only insofar as they're baseline literacy so that they function in today's world.

bruce343434
1 replies
23h3m

Most people that are academically inclined are self motivated and have a desire to learn more.

Isn't that by definition? Most xes are x.

Most people aren't academically inclined

Is that so?

It is odd that the curriculum tends to accommodate people that aren't academically inclined at the expense of those that actually want to learn.

Well, if what you say is true, isn't it fair that the program is catered to the majority, who are apparently not academically inclined? For one size fits all mass education, catering to the largest mass is the best you can do.

People that aren't academically inclined should not be forced to learn, or at least forced only insofar as they're baseline literacy so that they function in today's world.

Isn't that what the curriculum already accommodates then? Didn't you just say that?

lacy_tinpot
0 replies
22h51m

Isn't that what the curriculum already accommodates then? Didn't you just say that?

No. The current curriculum penalizes people that are academically incline. Fast track programs are difficult to access for example.

For one size fits all mass education, catering to the largest mass is the best you can do.

Yes. But we now have other options.

Most people aren't academically inclined >>Is that so?

As OP pointed out most people need someone to guide them and give them directions. This is because a lot of kids are not interested in learning and do "bugger all" without supervision.

The kind of self-directed learning only benefits people that are already academically motivated.

Isn't that by definition? Most xes are x.

Yes. This was in contrast to what OP was saying, which is "The pandemic showed us exactly what children would prefer to do, when they don't have a physical teacher standing over them, which is bugger all."

This isn't true for students that are academically inclined. Only true for those that aren't academically inclined.

pessimizer
0 replies
21h48m

It's not odd to me at all. The most "academically inclined" (although I don't think that's just one type of person) are people who have the ability to help themselves with very little advice from others. We shouldn't be going out of our way to provide anything for them; we should provide all levels of materials for everyone. It's the stupid people who need to be coaxed and trained to use them, whereas for the smart people, it's enough to make them available and give them advice when they ask.

Teachers like gifted kids because they'll be successful no matter what they do, and the teachers can test out all of their dingbat social and pedagogical theories with no consequences. They can start with elite kids, finish with elite kids, yet somehow take the credit. Not impressed. Make dumb kids smart, then I'm impressed. You might even be holding back the smart kids, but they're probably smart enough to see through you and do well anyway.

That being said, there are some people who are motivated to learn entirely by the desire to impress teachers and other authority figures. They need attention to develop. However, I do not think that most people are like this, and I honestly think those people should be in therapy.

corimaith
0 replies
8h27m

Looking outside at places like China, society unfortunately does require more experts in specific domain fields than there are self-motivated workers.

You can't run a billion dollar chip industry on passion alone, you are going to pull in people who may be working for external reasons. What matters then I'd that the education they receive is effective regardless.

renonce
3 replies
22h45m

Even as a self-motivated learner I fail to see the bigger impact of AI. For a “virtual Feynman” I would prefer the online video courses and books which exist without AI. The best I expect an AI to do is to answer my questions and confirm my understandings. At AI’s current state I can use it as a better search engine but due to hallucinations I can’t expect reliable answers yet.

danielmarkbruce
2 replies
22h43m

Using gpt-4o?

renonce
1 replies
22h33m

Asking it “3.11和3.8哪个大” (meaning “Which one is larger, 3.11 or 3.8?” in Chinese) and it answers 3.11 more than half of the time. I assume it’s because Python 3.11 is larger than Python 3.8. While it does work in its native language English, this failure doesn’t give me much confidence in its reliability, as we don’t know why it works in one language but not the other yet.

danielmarkbruce
0 replies
21h9m

Uh, I think people have a good idea why it doesn't work as well in other languages.

owenpalmer
2 replies
23h31m

I think teaching is one of the few roles that can't be replaced by AI

So far, AI can't replace good teachers. But there aren't that many good teachers. In my experience, GPT4 is better at explaining advanced concepts than 70% of college professors. Unfortunately, education is often oriented around this horrifyingly archaic method of instruction, which prevents people from imagining what an AI oriented system could look like.

red_admiral
0 replies
23h24m

I remember when the future was MOOCs. Let's get the top 30% (or 10% or whatever) of teachers to record high-quality videos, then everyone can have a top education. Even the rest of the professors might learn something!

AI based education might or might not be "MOOCs 2.0". Even for the less good teachers, having a real human in the room is one of the features that lots of people appear to be ready to pay lots of college fees for.

p1esk
0 replies
23h22m

His point is an AI teacher cannot force someone to learn, while a human teacher can (maybe).

awahab92
2 replies
22h55m

i think kids would be self-motivated with the right system.

I got a lot more motivated to learn when i learned programming.

during the pandemic, the world was in shock, so of course kids are going to play video games when their parents are anxious and filled with cabin-feever.

hackinthebochs
1 replies
22h40m

I do wish people on this website would stop using themselves as an example of the median anything.

aleph_minus_one
0 replies
20h16m

I do wish people on this website would stop using themselves as an example of the median anything.

HN readers, in my opinion, are a decent median sample of the group of "self-motivated learners". :-)

KerryJones
2 replies
18h45m

Most learners, the world over, are not self-motivated

This is the exact opposite conclusion and methodology of Maria Montessori (and her schools with the same name). Children are naturally curious and want to learn, but they may not want to use a poor education system designed to mark grades in a hyper specific focus.

whimsicalism
1 replies
4h31m

the only people i knew growing up who went to montessori we’re very affluent white kids with hyper involved parents.

even when given access to school choice, less affluent and minority parents do not choose montessori and there is absolutely a reason for that.

KerryJones
0 replies
43m

Is the reason because montessori schools are often high-priced? Because that's definitely true (and you can easily say it's a privilege to attend one).

That doesn't, however, mean the methodologies don't work or don't apply. You can study the methods in any of her ~20ish books, or the more modernized recaps of them.

onemoresoop
1 replies
23h51m

AI can augment teachers though.

surfingdino
0 replies
22h13m

How?

obastani
1 replies
19h45m

This is exactly the problem we have found in our research on generative AI for education [1]. We ran a pilot in a large high school in collaboration with math teachers, and found that students basically copy answers from ChatGPT, resulting in worse performance compared to students not given ChatGPT. If students don't want to learn, ChatGPT isn't going to fix anything.

[1] https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4895486

verdverm
0 replies
18h0m

You are just giving them ChatGPT with a bit of prompt engineering, and evaluating them on math problems, which we know LLMs make errors on because they are not calculators. You aren't putting in the effort needed to build a real tutor and learning assistant. I would not extrapolate from these results

There are also a lot of things that can come in before you build a full on tutor. One example is being able to tailor word problems (transform the nouns) to subjects interesting to the particular student. They could also be used to help understand where students are struggling. We are still at the early phases of useful AI, optimism is more appreciated, especially as contemporary times have become so pessimistic

Sal Khan provides a more optimistic take and demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJP5GqnTrNo

logifail
1 replies
23h4m

We send kids to school, in the hope they get some education, but the reality is that we use schools for free childcare while we work

We also send kids to school to learn social skills they can't learn by themselves.

My kids sometimes watch science shows (on TV as well as online) and tell me all kinds of fascinating facts about black holes and the human immune system and {insert_huge_list_of_stuff_I_don't_fully_understand}. That's the easy bit.

"Getting along with other people" isn't something you learn ... by yourself.

whimsicalism
0 replies
4h30m

May I suggest that the kids of HN commentators are being sampled from a very different distribution than the kids of the general public.

dimal
1 replies
22h51m

I see AI being more of a teaching assistant, rather than a replacement for teachers.

That’s what he announced he’s doing. Creating an assistant, not a replacement.

surfingdino
0 replies
22h14m

Except what you'll get will be an all-seeing, spying, hallucinating LLM.

blackbear_
0 replies
22h20m

What is the baseline performance of the LLM in solving those programming tasks? And did you test the performance of the students in the Codex group at the end of the course without allowing them to use Codex? Essentially I'm asking how can you conclude that these students didn't just learn to call a LLM, but actually learned to code independently?

unraveller
0 replies
21h4m

teaching ... can't be replaced by AI.

Teaching is not the end goal of education though, the educated student is. Or so I was taught.

Part of the reason why teaching is considered noble is because it is an act of assured replacement, inspiring not dependency imparting skills of self-motivation and will power.

ugh123
0 replies
23h36m

I see AI being more of a teaching assistant, rather than a replacement for teachers

That is exactly what he says in the tweet.

I think the problem with traditional teaching, as in any skilled profession, is often in short supply and underpaid, not happy, and unable to keep up with 25+ kids in a class. The world needs orders of magnitude more teachers that are highly competent and more easily accessible.

AI could massively scale high quality teaching with still a teacher in the loop.

toomuchtodo
0 replies
23h15m

https://www.khanmigo.ai/ is adopting this ideal, and I would agree you with your perspective. It's a tutor, not a teacher.

Khanmigo is an AI-powered personal tutor and teaching assistant from trusted education nonprofit Khan Academy.
tomcam
0 replies
22h47m

Disagree slightly. I think AI can be used to generate average quality course material, which may be useful to below average teachers, or good teachers thrown into a subject they haven’t taught yet.

Obviously someone like Andrej will totally crush it.

skhunted
0 replies
22h38m

There is an interesting physics education experiment. A random group of students are shown a lecture on a topic and take a quiz after watching the video. The students rate the lecture. Repeat with a different lecture on the same topic. The students did worse with the higher rated lecture.

There’s teaching students like. There’s teaching where students learn. Sometimes the two intersect. Will an AI education company optimize one that students enjoy or one where they learn better?

silverlake
0 replies
23h13m

I worked on online learning for a bit. Turns out people are willing to pay for the inconvenience of in-person learning, even flying to another location. It's the only way most people can focus on a topic. Otherwise, work, kids, life interrupts and they can't stay on track. Replit's 100 Days of Python says only 0.4% of those who complete day 1 finish day 100.

pessimizer
0 replies
22h3m

I don't think this is true at all. People failed to learn during covid because the technology is bad. I don't think most people are motivated very much at all by the disappointment of some stranger standing over them. I don't even see it as a desirable aspect of someone's personality that they can be extrinsically motivated by the approval of strangers.

What a teacher provides is a sometimes customized, sometimes flexible schedule, that (sometimes) pays individual attention to what aspects of a concept a student is falling behind at, and (sometimes) comes up with personal recommendations and alternative approaches to break down a student's involuntary resistance to a concept. This might be doable with A.I.. It's not doable with actual teaching anymore because class sizes are too large. A.I. will be cheaper.

And I'm not saying that teaching is so simple that A.I. can do it, I'm saying that teaching is so complicated that it might be that only A.I. is sufficient to largely replace it. I think that what I'm arguing against is that the idea that teachers could be replaced by glowering scarecrows, or fur-covered wire armatures like they once used in experiments to replace animals' mothers.

I don't think that teachers make as good parents as parents do teachers. I don't think most people are mostly motivated by the approval or judgement of their teachers.

What people need is constant, helpful, personalized guidance, and that is very expensive to get from employees.

mym1990
0 replies
23h37m

Weirdly enough I was not very curious in my schooling years, barely getting through classes. As I have grown up, I have so much more curiosity about the world and my willingness to actually learn has skyrocketed. I feel like this could be a great space for adults who are seeking to do the same. I always thought calculus would be daunting to learn(and I still do), but with AI tools I feel like I can approach it with a different mindset.

koonsolo
0 replies
23h23m

I also noticed the material of an entire day can be learned or made in a few hours. So indeed I also realized it's mainly daycare with a bit of, or slow learning.

fragmede
0 replies
23h9m

yeah. When trying to learn, say algebra and getting stuck on a problem, what's better for learning? staring at the problem until you get bored and wander off, looking at the back of the book for the answer and then maybe going back to figure out why, or individual instruction where you're able to ask someone who knows that they're doing about why you're stuck, and have them give you hints until you get unstuck, and then give you another, similar, problem for you to work through?

dyauspitr
0 replies
20h44m

Completely disagree. ChatGPT has taught me more than I could ever learn from any lecture and I have a doctorate. A moderately motivated student will do wonders with AI.

For instance, I’ve had trouble understanding exactly how heat pumps worked. Sure I knew the basic concepts of condensation and evaporation but not the nuances of pressures and boiling points at various stages. I asked chatGPT to explain it to me from the perspective of the refrigerant. It started with “I am R-134a, a refrigerant just leaving the evaporator…”, and proceeded to give me the most thorough understanding of heat pumps I could imagine, complete with working pressures, boiling points, pressure differentials at the escape valve etc. Follow up questions led me down interesting paths where it came up with a brilliant comparison to quantify the greenhouse potential of the refrigerant R22 ie 1 pound of R22 has the same greenhouse potential as a human being breathing for 787 days in a row.

andrepd
0 replies
23h5m

Having a virtual Feynman coach you through a Physics course is perfect.

So would fusion power, unfortunately such a thing does not exist yet, nor close to.

afarviral
0 replies
22h59m

But how to harness "Bugger all" so that it results in educated students? Because my understanding is everyone likes to do stuff.. no one really does nothing, but often unproductive/consumptive things if not channelled.

Ylpertnodi
0 replies
23h26m

The pandemic showed us exactly what children would prefer to do, when they don't have a physical teacher standing over them, which is bugger all.

Amend to: The pandemic showed us exactly what children's parents would prefer to do, when they don't have a physical teacher standing over their children, which is bugger all.

SubiculumCode
0 replies
23h38m

Most highschool / gradeschool is being forced to sit in a chair being baby sat until 3PM each day, with no opportunity to select goals, and act towards them. My daughter transitioned to a Montessori jr high, and she went from enduring school to actively engaging in self-directed learning.

Lichtso
0 replies
23h3m

If the technology is truly as capable as humans in many domains (and that might still take a while), it will not matter anymore whether it is a good teacher or not. The need for (and thus value of) human labor will depreciate and so will its "supply chain" the education sector.

hope they get some education, but the reality is that we use schools for free childcare

Exactly, teachers will be less and less pedagogs and more and more wardens.

627467
0 replies
18h45m

The teacher/tutor certainly won't be replaced by an AI. But those we call 'teachers' nowadays - possibly even for decades - are struggling glorified janitors because society treats schools as daycare. It's understandable that 9-6 parents need daycare. But why do we keep confusing daycaring with teaching? And why do we expect teachers to be perfect at both roles? And why all 30 students in the class should focus exactly on the same aspect of education simultaneously? That's the main issue with 'teaching'.

moffers
44 replies
23h24m

I appreciate attempts to disrupt things, but education seems to be one of those verticals that seems to be allergic to disruptive technologies. Education seems like it can either be very specialized, or very generalized, but at the end of the day it should be egalitarian. If this approach to education works, would we be able to have every teacher in every school in America adopt it? I have to imagine the resources needed to train the teachers, distribute the technology, acclimate the parents, and then do this all on a scale such that no one is left out or treated better if you didn’t happen to go to an “AI” school makes for a tough hill to climb.

I think a lot of the real issues with solving problems in education is that they have trouble applying to the larger picture of compulsory education.

wendyshu
13 replies
21h57m

Education ... should be egalitarian

Why?

__loam
11 replies
20h20m

We shouldn't have to explain that it's plainly obvious that society massively benefits from an educated populace, especially one that claims to be a democracy. There are incredibly broad benefits from a reduction in crime to the expansion of the skilled labor pool.

I've noticed that many people in tech seem to disregard or disrespect educational institutions. So I'll turn it back on you. What draconian reason could you possibly have to make the argument that we shouldn't try to give every child an equal opportunity for a high quality education? Do you hate living in an educated society that much? Are you interested in living in a malthusian nightmare?

p1esk
5 replies
17h34m

What draconian reason could you possibly have to make the argument that we shouldn't try to give every child an equal opportunity for a high quality education?

Opportunity, sure. But an opportunity to get a good education is not the same as actually getting good education. Because every child is different and we want to spend a lot more efforts to educate a child who shows genius level potential than on a child who has zero interest in anything. This is assuming limited educational resources - an assumption challenged by AI education initiatives.

If I have two sons, and one is bright and curious and hard working, while another is dim and lazy, the first one will get 95% of my attention.

darkwater
3 replies
17h11m

And what will you do with the lazy one? Kill him? Let him die when in problems? Maintain it throughout his live? Ignore him and let him live a miserable life?

p1esk
2 replies
17h3m

The lazy one gets exactly the same *opportunity* to have a good education as the bright one. Do you see the difference?

__loam
1 replies
16h51m

They often don't have the same opportunity but I'm glad we as grown adults are sitting here and judging a child on their dedication to academic rigor.

lelanthran
0 replies
6h5m

I'm glad we as grown adults are sitting here and judging a child on their dedication to academic rigor.

In a conversation about academic performance, what were you expecting?

I'm not being facetious, I'd really rather like to know: in a conversation about resources being poured into academic outcomes, why is a child's athletic ability, or artistic ability, etc relevant?

We are comparing outcomes of investment into academic performance - do you expect this conversation about ROI to be completely without judgements?

__loam
0 replies
17h13m

The biggest predictor of whether or not a child is "gifted" is the amount of attention they receive as children from their parents and from the education system. Actual genetically driven genius is rare. The kids that gifted child programs benefit are largely the children of affluent parents and not the so called geniuses of our generation. They mostly serve to create a two tier education system within public schools. I'm not saying we tolerate disruptive kids or that we shouldn't reward merit, but this kind of rich kids get the resources and attention system is counterproductive to the outcome you seem to want.

Furthermore, there is zero proof that AI will give us the kind of system that will allow us to shore up the limited education system. The actual solutions to many of these problems are things like paying teachers more to retain the best people, giving kids free lunch, funding after school programs and one on one tutoring etc etc etc.

But doing those things is hard, so tech bros who believe in the myth of the gifted child, who don't have any background in education at all, come in with these systems that they think are silver bullets, then are shocked when they don't work, blaming the unruly children of the proletariat on their failure to fix anything.

km3r
2 replies
16h7m

Is it better to be egalitarian in education or is it better to focus on raising the floor, or raise the median, or providing equal opportunity? They aren't the same thing, and it's very possible that the education system that focuses on one will miss out on parts of the others. You can make moral arguments in favoring each of those options (or even focusing on raising the average).

You can optimize for economic benefit, innovation, fairness, or passions. Their is plenty of non-draconian reasons for preferring each.

__loam
1 replies
15h32m

It's better to be egalitarian. The clientele of hackernews is predominantly people working in high paying industries, who were lucky enough to get the resources and opportunities to get there, in addition to a considerable amount of hard work. I pushed hard to get where I am today and personally benefitted from gifted child programs. What terrifies me is the idea that being born to slightly different parents or in a slightly different area could have had drastic effects on my outcome. I believe we should make policy decisions assuming any one of us could have been born to the poorest and most negligent parents imaginable. Making any other assumption is being dishonest about the benefits afforded to you by your upbringing.

km3r
0 replies
2h0m

Wouldn't it be better to raise the floor? If given the choice of a higher floor but a higher ceiling of education quality vs equal but lower quality for everyone, I would prefer the former.

iftheshoefitss
0 replies
18h22m

Very uneducated so I can’t comment on this but I’m living in a Malthusian nightmare and definitely wouldn’t recommend it :)

brezelgoring
0 replies
17h55m

Are you interested in living in a malthusian nightmare?

Some of them live in such an environment already. I don't know if it's a hallucination or not, but judging from what I've read here over the years a lot of tech people seem to live in the most cutthroat of environments and see everyone as competition to be eliminated or obstacles to be cleared. Some of them live in an environment where you can rely only on yourself, requesting help is seen as weak victim-like behavior, but giving out for free is worse - detrimental because that other person might see what you're doing and take credit for or steal your work; some say helping another with your skills/time and not charging money is peak cuck behavior, and some of the more organized (I'd like to say 'coeficient-driven') members of our community really believe that money is the greatest measurement tool ever invented and we should measure everything with it, including a person's worth.

That being said, generalizing is bad and there really are some truly golden individuals here who have done humanity a net benefit while charging nothing for their work. Like Fabien Sanglard, for example (you likely will never read this but I take my hat off to you and I hope if you get the chance, you should clone yourself in the future - humanity could use at least 10 of you).

I'd find quotes for all of these but I don't think I need them, you've seen these messages if you read the HN comments enough.

Edit: In the 10 or so minutes I took to write my comment, yours went from all black to almost unreadable. It shows better than any treatise would on the opinion HN denizens have on 'free' or 'equal' anything.

carapace
0 replies
3h17m

Evolution.

The human species has only existed as such for ~100,000 years. Almost all human societies have failed.

We should spread knowledge far and wide for the same reason adaptive mutations spread through a population: shit happens.

Rocks fall out of the sky.

The Earth is jelly with a thin "crust" of congealed goo on top. So-called "solid ground" is thinner relatively than the paint on a globe. It shakes.

(As a kid I lived through Loma Prieta[1], I've seen the earth roll like Santa's belly. We are small!)

We should go through life like "an old man crossing a river in winter", and things both precious and free, like knowledge, should be the treasure of every person, no matter how poor or weak, for tomorrow they may be all that's left.

That's why Wendy, that's why.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Loma_Prieta_earthquake

8338550bff96
13 replies
22h50m

If delivering a good education can't be achieved because there are parts of our education system that continually resist adaptation, then whatever those parts are they ought to reach their breaking point and be pushed beyond it.

arrosenberg
7 replies
21h37m

Those parts have reached their breaking point - the teachers are ready to quit from lack of resources and support, and parents can't do their part because they have to work far too hard to keep a roof and food for their families. AI doesn't solve that.

labster
6 replies
17h17m

But if teachers could use AI to grade exams and automate the boring work, then they could take a second job and be able to afford housing. Sounds like an easy win for AI.

stavros
2 replies
17h1m

I read this comment and it struck me as excellent parody, but now I'm worried it's in earnest.

labster
1 replies
16h48m

This was my club in university: https://daviswiki.org/Students_for_an_Orwellian_Society

I think that 20 years later it is much harder make effective satire, so I rarely do it now. More extreme positions are taken pretty regularly by folks online, so even people like you in my target audience are never sure if something is satirical or just extreme.

shermantanktop
0 replies
15h58m

That’s why most satire is pretty lame. The more obvious it is, the less funny; the less obvious it is, the less interesting. And the whole thing is built on an inside/outside dynamic that is pretty basic.

raincole
0 replies
16h14m

People will read your comment as sarcasm (and you probabaly meant it), but this it the way to go.

phs318u
0 replies
16h50m

Realising the promise of AI, freeing teachers from the drudgery of 'boring work' so they can take on a second job as a food-server, burger-flipper, shelf-stacker or Uber driver (at least until robotics and self-driving tech eliminate those jobs too).

nozonozon
0 replies
17h6m

I love the idea that no one is 'only' a teacher. Teachers that live in the real world make much more sense to me.

My ideal work week:

10h administrative work (figuring out what and how for the rest of the week) 10h technical job 10h teaching in a classroom 10h 1:1 mentoring

__loam
3 replies
20h25m

I got an excellent education from the public school system and had passionate, committed teachers throughout, and was well prepared to pursue an engineering degree at a top university. The solution to education is not to try and scale up some absurd and ineffective AI system that is worse than teachers, it's to pay teachers an actual proportionate salary that is in line with their impact on our society so we can retain good people. Just because people like Karpathy understand AI doesn't mean they understand education.

nightski
1 replies
17h20m

It's not zero sum, we can do both.

__loam
0 replies
17h12m

You're right lets divert millions if not billions of dollars that could be used on known working solutions for these problems to an unproven technological bullet that is famously capital intensive.

whimsicalism
0 replies
4h37m

The incentives just are not properly aligned. I went to an urban school system that paid many teachers quite well (upwards of $130k 10 years ago for many), but the pay was just totally ubcorrelated with teacher performance.

Many of the worst teachers were the best paid because they had seniority and that was how the union had structured pay agreements, whereas many of the younger better teachers were paid very poorly (around $50k in a major metro) despite having left very high paying professional jobs to give back. The problem is that there is little-to-no economic incentive to do anything to improve student performance.

will1am
0 replies
7h0m

You touches on a critical aspect of educational reform

r3trohack3r
6 replies
18h1m

Education [...] should be egalitarian

It is self-evident to me that this is not true in the U.S.

There is very little about education that is egalitarian. An inner city grade school in Michigan is in no way comparable to a grade school in the Palo Alto suburbs.

Such that no one is left out or treated better if you didn’t happen to go to an “AI” school makes for a tough hill to climb.

To drive this point home, in the real world we do not hold this standard for air conditioning. Tens of thousands of schools in the U.S. do not currently have adequate HVAC systems. If we are not currently applying this standard to A/C, I don't know why we would choose to selectively apply it to AI.

Attempting to gate innovation behind complete social conformity and universal adoption doesn't strike me as a rationale stance.

ipaddr
3 replies
16h37m

An inner city grade school in Detroit gets 16,500+ per child a regular child in Michigan gets 9,500. Palo Alto spends 25,143 per child. New York spends $29,873 per child. The states that spend the least Utah, Idaho are around 9,000.

Part of the cost is localized like salary, utilities costs.

Detroit isn't necessarily being under funded compared to Palo suburb when you normalize regional cost differences. It does affect the quality of teachers one can attract but so does the location in general. Bumping up Detroit to Palo Alto's spending wouldn't have much effect on the education for the average student.

Palo Alto is home to many immigrant from many places who self select and place education as extremely important for the next generation. For the average Detroit kid education isn't cherished and valued over everything else. Until you can equalize those believes things won't change. You won't be able to buy a higher educational rate by painting the walls twice as fast or by hiring more educational assistants.

buttercraft
1 replies
13h13m

Bumping up Detroit to Palo Alto's spending wouldn't have much effect on the education for the average student.

Are you sure about this? It seems suspiciously self-reinforcing.

whimsicalism
0 replies
4h43m

there’s pretty good evidence that outcomes are largely in correlated with per pupil spend. would take me a little while to find since i haven’t looked at it for a while

whimsicalism
0 replies
4h43m

I went to an inner city public school that was better funded than your Palo Alto numbers once you account for federal funds.

I agree that funding is not the only problem, the money could be spent much much better (and teacher unions should unfortunately probably not exist). Another large problem is that I do not think we as a society have agreed on what the actual goal of public education should be.

will1am
0 replies
7h3m

The comparison to HVAC systems in schools highlights the complexities of implementing new technologies.

TaylorAlexander
0 replies
17h32m

Nit: you’re replying to what “should be” with what is. Those two concepts are not the same. Our property-tax-based educational funding system is widely seen as a tragedy.

richardw
2 replies
16h58m

I think a good place to start is “anyone in the world who wants to learn and is hindered by their school and teachers”. Not “this must work in every American school from the start”.

A smart kid with a phone in Kenya should be able to have a shot. Wikipedia allows this. Khan Academy helps. This in the extreme is Khan Academy but potentially for every course a kid (or adult) could want, generated on demand from scratch if need be.

The next optimal study session generated for your current state of knowledge, energy level, learning goals, by the teaching agent who is provably the best at delivering that lesson for you, using the optimal mediums for your context. Video at home or in a class, audio when on a bus, printouts if you want. Add in spaced repetition and a few fun quizzes, gamify it. Let each person fulfil their potential unhindered by the resources of their school, parents or country.

levocardia
1 replies
16h0m

Even if this ends up being nothing more than "Khan Academy but I can ask questions and get answers and it's all in my local dialect of Urdu" it is a huge step forward for educations AS LEARNING.

1auralynn
0 replies
14h16m

Khan Academy already has a robust AI chatbot/features (https://www.khanmigo.ai/) - they have an ongoing relationship with Microsoft/OpenAI

will1am
0 replies
7h5m

Is just a complex and challenging process

walledstance
0 replies
4h10m

Whew! Yes. Education is allergic to disruption because education shouldn’t be treated like a business.

Educational goals are to educate people not make money. Education requires countless failures. Business models are composed to be failure averse or reduce risk.

Education has and will likely continue to be a money and time sink because it is an area that requires constant failure from its participants to grow in knowledge.

Thank you for setting this.

j45
0 replies
17h10m

Out of curiousity have you worked in education or EdTech? Trying to get the context of this.

dimitrios1
0 replies
23h18m

This is the fundamental problem with education: everyone treats it as some problem to "solve" with tools, and technologies. The issues with education are human ones -- interpersonal and policy -- not because it's lacking some tool or technique.

They just installed some state of the art AI-enabled, "smart" mega drawing screens w at my daughter's schools touting all the supposed immeasurable benefits it will bring, and most of the parents, including myself, just rolled our eyes.

ants_everywhere
0 replies
18h7m

Education seems like it can either be very specialized, or very generalized, but at the end of the day it should be egalitarian.

This is the approach I'm taking.

There are a few psychological and technological tricks here or there, but in my opinion the hardest part is getting the incentives right.

It's very easy to build an educational system that incentivizes for the wrong things. And even if we all agree what the "right" things are, something like universal education is a collective action problem with all the difficulties that come with that.

JoeJonathan
0 replies
5h20m

I'm curious to see how this all plays out across different disciplines. The process of learning calculus is different from learning a language, which is different from learning the history of science, which is different from learning ethnographic methods.

There are all kinds of self-interested reasons educators might resist some of these technologies. But this also seems to be one of the areas where people from the tech world impose some idea that could potentially work for their limited domains of expertise but don't work at all for others.

mrandish
43 replies
17h0m

I believe a great product in this area is certainly possible and Karpathy probably has the technical chops to create it.

I'm skeptical that the product described in the announcement will result in a business able to generate VC-level returns. Based on my experience as a tech entrepreneur with edu-focused products across multiple startups and decades, scaling sales revenue to significant levels in edu is extremely challenging for unique and non-obvious reasons. None of the edu-specific challenges are directly related to the effectiveness or relative value of the product itself. They are structural problems related to the three main types of buyers, which are: 1. Schools, (K-12, Univ), 2. Companies (employee training, compliance, etc), 3. Individuals (self-learners). There are other types of buyers but they don't represent nearly as much aggregated potential revenue as these three. Note that these are the economic buyers not the product end-users.

Each of the three types presents different challenges from the others, however there recurring meta-themes. The main one is that their purchasing decisions are often driven by factors unrelated to the product. For example, the primary focus of schools is, sadly, not maximizing net student learning. While that is a consideration, it's swamped by other external requirements, many of them wickedly complex. For companies, employee training, whether a regulatory requirement or purely to increase employee effectiveness, isn't core to their actual business - meaning it's a cost not revenue. Individuals on the other hand break into two types, those doing it to actually learn something for themselves, and those seeking certification or external validation like a degree to increase their future employment earnings. Learning lovers are a pure consumer, non-essential, discretionary spending-type sale with all the same well-known LTV and customer acquisition cost challenges. For certification/validation buyers, they aren't primarily focused on the learning but rather checking a particular box that has high perceived value to external parties.

While I agree that creating a new large and growing type of customer in addition to these three is possible, it's a huge lift that's risky, expensive and will require substantial sustained investment over time - all ahead of meaningful revenue. So, I wish Andrej et al the best and I'm rooting for them but I'm not optimistic they'll build a high-growth, high-revenue sustainable edu business around AI as the primary value differentiation.

zamfi
4 replies
13h44m

It’s true that these markets are the huge ones today.

But there is another buyer that your post leaves out: parents. This is not the same as individuals/self-learners (the buyer is not the user, exactly) — but the buyer has strong incentives that align with student performance that are different than the others.

Historically, this has been a very challenging market to scale up well — exceptional 1:1 tutors are rare, and hard to train, they’ll be expensive and often form a relationship with their tutees that incentivizes disintermediation of any platform that tries to capture some fraction of the value by offering a two-sided marketplace (YC has funded at least one of these!)

However, AI has the potential to dominate in this market. Most tutors are actually not amazing, but 1:1 tutoring is just so much more effective than basically any other kind of educational context (two-sigma improvements!) that it doesn’t super matter. AI could be a much more effective tutor — at a cost substantially lower than a human tutor. Of course, wealthy families may still want to hire the well-pedigreed, role-model-level, truly exceptional tutors. But folks who are lukewarm about their private (or small-group) tutors may just give the AI tutors a shot—and find that they’re better than what they were paying for.

Or not! That’s what makes it a risky bet. :)

But it’s a large, $50B+ market today, and growing fast — not one to be discounted.

hahajk
2 replies
9h0m

but 1:1 tutoring is just so much more effective than basically any other kind of educational context

Do we know how much of that effect is the "personalization " of 1:1 learning (something AI can replicate) vs the effect of interacting with another human (which AI might not be able to replicate)?

zamfi
0 replies
4h34m

The studies almost always compare 1:1 learning with learning in groups, comparing two different modes of interaction with another human,

But it’s reasonable to ask whether an AI can (today?) be as effective as a human at delivering (or even identifying, generating) that personalized interaction.

JohnAaronNelson
0 replies
7h32m

We use AI as a teaching aid. It supplements traditional learning. It gives people the ability to have a dialogue with information.

It’s not replacement

mrandish
0 replies
47m

But there is another buyer that your post leaves out: parents.

I did consider adding a section to my post breaking down all the smaller sub-categories of the main three, of which "Parents" is a significant one.

Historically, this has been a very challenging market to scale up well

Yes! And for several different reasons. Labor costs, which you mention, can be a major one for products which offer highly individualized interaction. I agree that LLMs should be able to substantially disrupt existing tutoring type businesses. Another major challenge of parent-direct sales is that they aren't a well-aggregated market. Scaling sales there gets costly in average cost of new customer acquisition for new brands. It's basically a direct to consumer business, with all the well-known challenges that presents to fledgling starts. Of course, there are examples of companies that managed to do it, but as you say, it's risky.

I agree with all the shortcomings you mention with existing tutoring and the potential of AI here seems obviously compelling. In fact, both the technologist and the passionate believer in learning inside of me are giddily enthusiastic about the vision you paint. However, as a serial tech startup entrepreneur who recently retired (somewhat) early after a multi-decade, multi-startup career that was (eventually) quite successful... I'm also, sadly, now too jaded and battle-hardened for my edu-idealistic enthusiasm for that vision to survive for long.

Assuming you live in urban or suburban North America, to see what I mean, you need only take a trip to your local "learning center" franchise location between 3p-6p. Park yourself near enough to the entrance to observe the parents dropping off and picking up their middle and high-schoolers in waves at the top and bottom of every hour. You'll probably also find several parents waiting in their cars. Be bold and chat with few. Ask if they've considered or tried computer-based tutoring (either Zoom-style or automated). I think you'll find many have. Now ask what this tutoring center offers that's better enough to be worth the increased cost and hassle. If you're good at customer interviewing (and active listening), you may be surprised at what you learn.

As the parent of a 9th grader who's recently paid for both learning centers and private tutors, I can tell you the thoughtful parents will share that an in-person human tutor offers a few key things an automated (whether AI or not) or even remote video tutor doesn't. For one, a local tutor, whether at a center or private, is probably deeply familiar with what the local school's curriculum is in the relevant subjects. While schools are all required to teach to state and federal guidelines, the texts used and the sequencing of the instruction and granular testing varies from district to district (and even school to school) more than you'd think. The tutors at our local center knew things down to the level of individual teachers at each of the two local high schools and they used this knowledge to customize the objectives week by week.

If you're not the parent of a 9th grader who's falling behind in math, you may just think "The student can tell the AI what their current curriculum module is." If you ARE such a parent, you already know why that is an unreliable solution! For the rest of you, understand that there are two broad types of students getting tutoring. One is a highly-motivated self-learner who gets good grades and whose parents are paying more just to pile even more icing on that already well-iced cake. The other kind is more like my kid who, unfortunately, takes after Dad as far as school goes. A non-motivated, highly-distracted learner who is extremely bright and intellectually capable but simply does the bare minimum in school to get by. For us, the parents of this wonderful kid who shines so bright in every way except academics, the learning center offers something an AI can't, a real person whose presence enforces actual engagement. Another subtle yet even more important benefit is an environment full of peers who are all exhibiting that alien "learning behavior" together. For a teen struggling with even engaging in academics, this peer modeling is invaluable.

So, yes. AI has the potential to be revolutionary for student tutoring - in concept. And it will be revolutionary for some students. Yet somehow, in practice, this amazing solution which should simply replace human tutoring - won't. And the edutech entrepreneurs on the front lines trying to figure out why will discover there lurks a subtly wicked complexity under this apparently highly-tractable problem. And these thorny barriers to adoption are all hidden behind human psychology and teen behavioral dynamics. Thus, my OP was really intended as a cautionary tale and warning to all startup entrepreneurs ready to set sail in uncharted edutech waters that "here be dragons!"

xxbondsxx
4 replies
16h26m

Thanks for saying the quiet part out loud here -- everyone wants to believe in education improvement but there's a harsh reality of the industry that is pretty unpleasant to confront.

I think the only hope would be to run a pilot and show such an improvement in student testing levels that it would be fast-tracked or mandated for approval.

shermantanktop
3 replies
16h2m

…or be accused of cooking the books, labeled as anti-union, or other ad hominem attacks.

I’m not a fan of SV edutech ventures for various reasons, but the school districts that they hope to sink their pointy teeth into have very effective immune systems against change.

mrandish
2 replies
15h45m

Yes, I LOLed at your comment. K-12 is especially soul crushing for tech startups, which is why I now think of K-12 school district buyers like Obi Wan thinks of Mos Eisley.

notjoemama
1 replies
14h59m

Maybe part of it is seeing education as a massive untapped wallet? There's a reason Teachers Pay Teachers exists and frankly, given the greed of Silicon Valley and existing ED companies, isn't it an environmentally created immune system?

bongodongobob
0 replies
13h16m

Maybe. I'd love to see whatever the Apple + MECC version would be today.

gnicholas
4 replies
15h1m

They are structural problems related to the three main types of buyers, which are: 1. Schools, (K-12, Univ), 2. Companies (employee training, compliance, etc), 3. Individuals (self-learners). There are other types of buyers but they don't represent nearly as much aggregated potential revenue as these three.

What about parents? That would seem like a natural market for a product that could replace expensive private school tuition (or paying high property taxes in order to be in a good public school district). I recently saw a literacy product aimed at parents, and which costs $50/month. They justify their pricing based on its substitutes being a tutor or private school tuition. While this is a bit of a stretch for a literacy tool, it would be a very fair comparison for a very good AI tutor that teaches the child and has a dashboard/summary for parents.

danans
1 replies
12h0m

What about parents? That would seem like a natural market for a product that could replace expensive private school tuition (or paying high property taxes in order to be in a good public school district)

Quality of education is one factor among many when making the choice to send your child to a private school or move to a prosperous community with well funded public schools.

Another major one is social clustering, premised on the expectations that children will pick up beneficial cultural traits from similarly higher privilege peers that will help them advance.

Edu software can't provide the social benefits of exclusive schools (whether they are private or public). Parents know that which is why if they can afford to, they avoid underperforming schools.

throwaway2037
0 replies
11h37m

    > or move to a prosperous community with well funded public schools
To be clear, in most highly advanced democracies, public schools are mostly nationally funded, not locally funded. The US is a rare outlier, where public schools are mostly locally funded. Most people from both sides are surprised to learn about the other: people from US to learn about "the majority" and non-US people to learn about US system. In most places that use national funding for public schools, if you wish to select a school system with better funding, you pay for private school.

jimbokun
0 replies
3h16m

Could be huge for the home schooling market for the same reasons.

AlanYx
0 replies
8h21m

I recently saw a literacy product aimed at parents, and which costs $50/month. They justify their pricing based on its substitutes being a tutor or private school tuition.

There's a software startup aimed at teaching 3-5 year olds reading called Mentava that charges parents $500/month (not a typo). And there are plenty of online tutoring services for kids at the $200/month level.

I think educational software aimed at parents has traditionally priced themselves too low, hampering the development of what's possible.

cglee
3 replies
16h22m

Great observations. I've been in the edu (coding school) space for over a decade and it tracks with my experience (though it seems you've tackled a lot more market segments than I have). I'm very bullish on AI + Education. If Karpathy's announcement doesn't track, what do you think might work instead?

notarealllama
1 replies
16h9m

Also EdTech background here, not OP.

There's a difference between the educational-industrial complex (or the ed landscape in terms of market), and motivated learner-centric models which can be done independently.

As much as degrees and certs are important in the current paradigm, it's long been the case in tech that credentials matter less than output, skills, and soft skills.

As much as I personally believe in a stronger credential system, the shift is toward individual learning. The popularity of coding bootcamps in the tech space I think demonstrates that.

Personal AI tutor? Without the pesky SME credentialing? Sign me up!

ghaff
0 replies
15h43m

IMO, a lot of that leads to sink or swim. Not that elite institutions are perfect (by a long shot). But largely cater to kids (and families) that can do things on their own with help from qualified people and you almost certainly get better results--and lower costs--for them.

Others, not so much.

mrandish
0 replies
15h48m

what do you think might work instead?

That's a good question to which, unfortunately, I don't have a good answer. None of my startups managed to make our edu-focused products long-term successful. Fortunately, we designed our major technology stacks so each could result in products in at least two different markets. While our edu products never did better than break-even for us, our non-edu products usually did much better with several becoming breakout hits. Personally, I'm very passionate about the need for innovation in education, likely due to challenges I had with traditional school. But after spending many years and substantial funds, I eventually stopped trying to do edu-focused spins of my products (despite clear potential of the underlying tech). Although I now understand many of the reasons the edu market is so hard and counter-intuitive, I also learned succeeding there requires vastly different skills and interests than I have (or want to have). K-12 was especially frustrating for me because success there is so untethered from actual product effectiveness, along with being unbelievably bureaucratic, largely opaque, and having a glacially slow sales cycle. As someone who started out so idealistic about making education better, actually trying to build a successful tech startup selling to K-12 can be soul-crushing.

I agree that in terms of increasing actual learning, AI could be revolutionary. I commented here because my experience was specifically being a startup trying to sell products based on revolutionary new disruptive technologies into edu.

rkuska
2 replies
10h33m

So, I wish Andrej et al the best and I'm rooting for them but I'm not optimistic they'll build a high-growth, high-revenue sustainable edu business around AI as the primary value differentiation.

I don’t have an X account and as such might miss additional information from subsequent replies but there is nowhere in the post mention about building a high growth/high revenue business? Maybe Andrej just enjoy teaching and sharing knowledge and want to bring like minded, well off people together rather than creating an unicorn?

Or do you mean by your post that it is not (or is very hard) to even reach non negative revenue to keep it sustainable on its own?

swyx
0 replies
3h47m

no, GP just assumes "high-growth, high-revenue" business is the goal, when in reality Andrej is probably worth 9 figures already and has a bigger mission than making "VC-level returns"

mrandish
0 replies
1h59m

I considered including an aside mentioning I think lifestyle-type edutech startups are entirely doable, especially for those who can survive long periods before meaningful revenue without outside investors beyond friends/family (which probably includes Andrej). I posted a related reply here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40987394

mysterypie
2 replies
8h13m

Schools, (K-12, Univ)

Didn't Apple make a great deal of their revenue in the early days (1976-1985) by selling to schools? I seem to recall that schools were their main focus. A $3000 Apple II in 1980 would be $12,000 in today's money, and schools often bought many units. Is Karpathy's product really that different from an Apple Computer in how it would be marketed to schools?

pico303
0 replies
3h14m

Apple gave schools steep discounts, with the idea being that young people learning on Apple computers would have parents purchasing computers their kids were familiar with. Later, those kids would become adults purchasing the computers they grew up on.

ghaff
0 replies
5h54m

There were certainly universities that were "Apple shops" fairly early on. Probably mostly at the tail end of your date range and beyond though. Here's the story at Dartmouth: https://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/AcademicComputing/text/macdar...

In 1980, Dartmouth actually had pretty democratized access to computing but it was pretty much exclusively on the timeshare mainframe.

hadjian
2 replies
13h1m

I agree, but I also hope for several revolutions in this space. Everything around educational offerings is horrible beyond compare:

- Classroom learning doesn’t cater to individuals

- Corporate learning programs that I came across were 100% useless

- Personal learning is unbelievably hard to organize (persistence, learning path, real world application…)

I had basically five wonderful experiences:

- Karpathy on YT ;-)

- Dash and Dot from Wonder Workshop

- Crafting Interpreters

- Gilbert Strang

Hope eureka labs becomes the sixth. Good luck Andrej!

91Jacob
1 replies
12h20m

I think a lot of group courses/recorded courses don't work/lead people to give up because the context provided is not intuitive to everyone's mind and requires significant googling (or ChatGPT chats) for a concept to click before moving on.

Having that ability to pause and clarify with for as long as needed (and have it dumbed down as much as needed) seems like a step in the right direction.

hadjian
0 replies
1h21m

Yes. I was really happy, when I discovered GPT3, because I could ask infinit „but why“s without being worried about annoying the tutor. Would be great, if the LLMs wouldn’t be such push-overs. I’d like to hear more „you’re wrong!“.

tangjurine
1 replies
11h10m

It's hard but not impossible to sell to schools. I think at my company >75% aren't working on things that impact the student experience.

Closi
0 replies
3h37m

It depends if your model is to sell to schools, or if your model is to become schools.

stanfordkid
1 replies
14h57m

Coursera seems to have made a (reasonably) successful business out of it. $1B market cap and almost $200M revenue. Now of course it is not the scale of other SaaS/Enterprise/Social Media outcomes but there is a market here, I think it's all about product vision and creation of new credentialing systems / disrupting the way skills are assessed at a fundamental level. There is clearly a problem with the cost/value ratio with traditional 4 year universities. I also agree selling into the same system is hard.

ryukoposting
0 replies
14h29m

Coursera also lost over $100M last year so I wouldn't be so quick to say "successful." Promising? Maybe.

FWIW I used coursera while in high school way back in 2013/14. It was pretty good.

moh_maya
1 replies
5h54m

I am the founder of an industrial edtech company, with some prior experience in the K12 space.

Your analysis of the market structure and the challenges is consistent with my experience - I'd like to add 2 points though:

1. Building on what you've said about VC-level returns, while edtech (and industrial edtech) may not necessarily be fields where VC funded unicorns can actually form and then survive to profitability, I believe there is sufficient need and space for companies that are investable and can grow into profits / valuations in the 10s /100s of millions - they can follow the startup format, etc.; just not VC investable, as you've noted.

2. In the space of skill development (i.e., adults / professional learning), I would like to add that for many skills, as industries get more sophisticated (I am taking of manufacturing, automotive, energy, oil & gas, infrastructure, petrochemicals, infrastructure), there is value for the company in upskilling their staff - simply because that does directly convert to profitability if done well; and at least puts a floor on issues that poor or absent training may cause - like safety, quality, etc. So even if it is a cost, it is a cost that can directly affect their topline / bottomline, and I believe there is an opportunity here.

/off soapbox

DevX101
0 replies
5h33m

I think bootstrapped with a small team of under 10 people, Karpathy can get to revenue of $20M just from the developer market. That's a pretty great outcome if VCs aren't involved.

karolist
1 replies
10h32m

To me personally, this is the best comment I've read in my time on HN since 2011 or so. I am also building a learning platform as potential lifestyle business, having been a user of such platforms and worked in large corporate I fully understand that the groups you identify are absolutely true. One important point is that you can make successful business helping people prepare for the certificates without being the issuing party - not VC level, but still. This way you can cover some of the checkbox checkers and self-motivated learners at the same time.

Self motivated learners who will be willing to pay you can also be groupped in a few groups - the ones seeking future employment in tech sector, looking to understand the technology better and showcase it on their resume with some projects that your platform will allow them to complete and ones doing this purely for fun or to keep up, I believe the latter group is very small.

Platform alone, even with tons of learning materials will not be enough to get this off the ground, you will either need to leverage your existing audience, bringing us back to the fact that everything is an attention economy now, or, you'll need to be very advertisement heavy on YouTube, which you can bruteforce with VC investment, see skillshare for example. NordVPN took off the same bruteforce way, although in a different product category.

My platform will combine technical learning with in-material challenges, sort of a sprinkled leetcode if you will. The idea to implement a LLM side-tutor also crossed my mind.

mrandish
0 replies
2h23m

I was thinking of mentioning that I believe a lifestyle business in edutech is totally doable but my post was getting pretty long. Assuming much more modest requirements for revenue and growth, I'm actually fairly bullish on this scenario. The one proviso is that, in my experience, you need to structure the new business to survive a (potentially) very long period before reaching break-even. K-12 sales cycles can be glacially slow to close full district deals. If you can structure your product and pricing model to also generate some faster (though smaller) revenue from individuals, parents, private schools and single-classroom teacher-directed funds this can help provide some partial life support during the long winter before your first harvest.

Assuming you're able to (or maybe even enjoy) optimizing a business to operate for a few years on hand-to-mouth revenue and can get to product-market fit with few iterations then the AI buzz will make for an especially good entry window for new product offerings in edu. Most of your customers are already aware of AI and open to the possibility it may change things for the better. This should make getting classroom pilots easier.

The final thing I'll share is something I'm sure you already know (but I'll mention for others). It's pretty rare for long-term, lifestyle-scale, edutech businesses to get "good" exits by normal tech startup standards. Think around 1x to 3x trailing twelve month revenues with the higher end of that range only for those having proven consistent multi-year profitability.

yobbo
0 replies
9h12m

No, the potential for this is large. For, schools and universities just $10-$100 per student per semester is enough, and cheap in comparison to teachers when they can reduce teaching and lecturing hours.

If it works. Nothing similar in "ed-tech" has actually offered value thus far.

theptip
0 replies
3h3m

Very insightful breakdown, thanks.

I do wonder if recent (Covid onwards) trends toward increased home schooling blurs the line between 1 and 3, or perhaps manifests a new segment that could be meaningful; homeschool pods seem to be quite outcome oriented and don’t have any of the bureaucracy of schools. Also I assume for now they are non-material from a TAM perspective, but interested if you have any thoughts on that trend.

siva7
0 replies
10h25m

but I'm not optimistic they'll build a high-growth, high-revenue sustainable edu business around AI as the primary value differentiation.

That's true for literally any business and nothing specific to edu.

newsclues
0 replies
9h37m

Let’s view it’s a different kind of investment, like an investment in a child. The return is a bright future for humanity when you educate.

Having a scalable technology that can teach and reinforce learning for humans will change the world. The human potential of teachers will be freed and human intelligence could rise all minds.

deepGem
0 replies
9h8m

Their goal might not even be to build a high growth high revenue business. Sustainable yes. So perhaps low growth, low - med revenue and who knows potentially high revenue.

If anyone else had done this, I'd be very skeptical but give Andrej's penchant for teaching and how good he is really at it, I am super excited about this endeavour.

Let's not forget the inbound and organic interest this would drive. For the intro LLM Course, people are already submitting PRs and Andrej is requesting them not to. Imagine that!

https://github.com/karpathy/LLM101n

Update June 25. To clarify, the course will take some time to build. There is no specific timeline. Thank you for your interest but please do not submit Issues/PRs.

authorfly
0 replies
11h55m

Excellent analysis. I know you are not in the domain of health care, but would you be able to give a similar analysis for health care tech? And likewise anybody else?

747-8F
0 replies
7h15m

.

nybsjytm
21 replies
23h21m

... in the case of physics one could imagine working through very high quality course materials together with Feynman ... with recent progress in generative AI, this learning experience feels tractable.

Actually, this seems to be absurdly beyond any of the recent progress in generative AI. This sounds like the kind of thing people say when their only deep knowledge is in the field of AI engineering.

cyost
10 replies
20h31m

Would any hypothetical training data corpus even be sufficient to emulate Feynman? Could any AI have a sufficient grasp of the material being taught, have enough surety to avoid errors, mimic Feynman's writing+teaching style, and accomplish this feat in a reasonable budget and timeframe?

The example is obvious marketing hyperbole, of course, but it's just not going to happen beyond a superficial level unless we somehow create some kind of time-travelling panopticon. It's marred by lack of data (Feynman died in 1988), bad data (hagiographies of Feynman, this instance included), flawed assumptions (would Feynman even be an appropriate teaching assistant for everyone?), etc.

I wonder if AI fans keep doing this thing in hopes that the "wow factor" of having the greats being emulated by AI (Feynman, Bill Gates, Socrates, etc.) will paper over their fundamental insecurities about their investment in AI. Like, c'mon, this kind of thing is a bit silly https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=og2ehY5QXSc

nybsjytm
9 replies
20h19m

Feynman, Bill Gates, Socrates, etc.

One of these doesn't quite belong ;)

But these AI researchers don't even understand these figures except as advertising reference points. The Socratic dialogue in the "sparks of AGI" paper https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.12712 has nothing whatsoever to do with Socrates or the way he argued.

Fourteen authors and not a single one seemed to realize there's any possible difference between a Socratic dialogue and a standard hack conversation where one person is named "Socrates."

cyost
4 replies
20h2m

Prompt: Can you compare the two outputs above as if you were a teacher? [to GPT-4, the "two outputs" being GPT-4's and ChatGPT's attempts at a Socratic dialogue]

Okay, that's kinda funny lol.

It's a bit worrying how much the AI industry seems to be focusing on the superficial appearance of success (grandiose marketing claims, AI art that looks fine on first glance, AI mimicking peoples' appearances and speech patterns, etc.). I'm just your random layperson in the comment section, but it really seems like the field needed to be stuck in academia for a decade or two more. It hadn't quite finished baking yet.

nybsjytm
3 replies
19h45m

As far as I can see there are pretty much zero incentives in the AI research arena for being careful or intellectually rigorous, or being at all cautious in proclaiming success (or imminent success), with industry incentives having well invaded elite academia (Stanford, Berkeley, MIT, etc) as well. And culturally speaking, the top researchers seem to uniformly overestimate, by orders of magnitude, their own intelligence or perceptiveness. Looking in from the outside, it's a very curious field.

verdverm
2 replies
17h49m

there are pretty much zero incentives in ____ for being careful or intellectually rigorous

I would venture most industries, with foundations on other research fields, are likely the same. Oil & Gas, Pharma, manufacturing, WW2, going to the moon... the world is full of examples where people put progress or profits above safety.

It's human nature

nybsjytm
1 replies
17h28m

I would venture most industries, with foundations on other research fields, are likely the same.

"Industries" is a key word though. Academic research, though hardly without its own major problems, doesn't have the same set of corrupting incentives. Although the lines are blurred, one kind of research shouldn't be confused with another. I do think it's exactly right to think of AI researchers the same way we think of R&D people in oil & gas, not the same way we think of algebraic topologists.

verdverm
0 replies
17h22m

Andrej Karpathy (the one behind the OP project) has been in both academia & industry, he's far more than a researcher, he also teaches and builds products

BeetleB
3 replies
15h33m

> Feynman, Bill Gates, Socrates, etc.

One of these doesn't quite belong ;)

I asked GPT to find which one:

"The one that doesn't fit in is Bill Gates.

Richard Feynman and Socrates were primarily known for their contributions to science and philosophy, respectively. Feynman was a renowned theoretical physicist, and Socrates was a foundational philosopher.

Bill Gates, on the other hand, is primarily known as a businessman and co-founder of Microsoft, a leading software corporation. While he also has made contributions to technology and philanthropy, his primary domain is different from the scientific and philosophical realms of Feynman and Socrates."

nybsjytm
2 replies
15h18m

Thank you for this AI slop. It's the right answer but incoherent reasoning. It could have equally reasonably said:

"The one that doesn't fit in is Socrates.

Richard Feynman and Bill Gates are primarily known for their contributions to science and philanthropy, respectively. Feynman was a renowned theoretical physicist, and Gates is a world-famous philanthropist.

Socrates, on the other hand, is primarily known for foundational contributions to philosophy. His primary domain is thus distinct from the scientific and philanthropic realms of Feynman and Gates."

BeetleB
1 replies
15h15m

True, but I bet 90% of HN readers would have answered "Bill Gates", with reasoning similar to GPT's. So I can't exactly fault GPT too much.

nybsjytm
0 replies
14h54m

Ok. Thanks for the contribution.

Balgair
6 replies
21h40m

> feels tractable

I mean, the guy isn't saying that it's going to 100% happen. He's saying that the problem feels like it might be doable at all. As Andrej has a background in physics, the phrase of 'feels tractable' would mean that he thinks that a path might exist, possibly, but only a lot of work will reveal that.

nybsjytm
5 replies
20h42m

As Andrej has a background in physics

This seems rather generous given that he was just a physics major. There's lots of physics majors who understand very little about physics and, crucially, nothing about physics education.

og_kalu
4 replies
19h33m

"Just" a physics major. I'm sorry but you're being ridiculous.

There's nothing just about that especially when the commenter only said he had a background in physics.

nybsjytm
3 replies
19h22m

It's legitimate to call it a background in physics, but given the particular level of background and the context of this particular issue, its relevance is indistinguishable from zero.

Has he ever demonstrated any particular insight or understanding of physics or - more importantly - of physics education? As far as I've been able to find, the answer is no. Not that there's anything wrong with that. At worst it just makes him a typical physics major.

og_kalu
2 replies
18h25m

One of the things Karpathy is most famous for, perhaps the thing depending on who you ask are his instructional materials on Deep Learning and Neural Networks, of which at least hundreds of thousands have benefitted.

That's far more tangible than whatever "background" it is you're looking for. He's a good teacher. He stands out for that and that's not an easy thing to do.

Of all the things background doesn't mean much in, being a good educator is at the top of the list. Most Educators including those who've been at it for years are mediocre at best. The people who educate at the highest level (College/University Professors) are not even remotely hired based on ability to educate so this really isn't a surprise.

Genuinely and I mean no offense, your expectations just feel rather comical. People like Sal Khan and Luis von Ahn would be laughed out of the room looking for your "background".

Sure, Sal is an educator now but he quit being a financial analyst to pursue Khan Academy full time.

The real problem here is that you don't believe what Karpathy has in mind is tractable and not that there's some elusive background he needs to have. His background is as good as any to take this on.

nybsjytm
1 replies
18h10m

I think you've misread this conversation. I was responding to someone who suggested that Karpathy's "background in physics" indicated some insight into whether this venture, particularly as regards physics education, will effectively give guidance by subject matter experts like Feynman.

If they had cited some other background, like his courses on AI, I would have responded differently.

og_kalu
0 replies
18h7m

Ah Fair Enough

Yenrabbit
1 replies
22h6m

It's optimistic, but given the OP is one of the best-informed technical generative AI researchers, and has been passing on that knowledge to the rest of us for a decade +, I don't think we can just dismiss it as unfounded hype :)

nybsjytm
0 replies
20h32m

My point is that he's a world expert on the engineering of AI systems. That shouldn't be mistaken for expertise, or even general knowledge, about anything else.

It's a good principle to bear in mind for people from any profession, but top AI engineers in particular seem to have an unusually significant habit of not being able to recognize where their expertise ends and expertise from another field (such as, say, education) begins. They also seem very prone to unfounded hype - which isn't to say they're not also good researchers.

Maybe Karpathy happens to be better on this than his peers, I wouldn't know.

devindotcom
0 replies
21h59m

incidentally, feynman would laugh pretty hard at this

spencerchubb
16 replies
23h42m

that's a tokenization issue. every tool has strengths and weaknesses. why does it matter whether an LLM can compare numbers? that can be done trivially in any programming language

ryandrake
6 replies
23h23m

If I'm going to augment my education with AI, I'd at least want to know it could get basic numerical facts right. If a computer program struggles with the concept of a number being greater than another number, how do I have any confidence that it can teach physics?

spencerchubb
5 replies
19h4m

your concern would be valid if an llm were the ONLY tool being used. applications use multiple tools so you can use the appropriate tool for the job. if you're doing math, you don't want a standalone llm

j2kun
2 replies
15h59m

Except that the LLM is actively dismissing its discrepancy with the other tool. Just adding to the confusion.

Karrot_Kream
1 replies
15h12m

Since we're all just speculating to the wind here, I can see multiple ways LLMs can be used. Maybe it'll help simplify TA triage, maybe it'll just be a Discord bot. Maybe a classifier will sample from multiple models.

I think if anyone can give this idea a fair shot it's Andrew Karpathy, an ML expert and a person known to be passionate about education.

Karrot_Kream
0 replies
1h44m

*Andrej

Darn autocorrect

ryandrake
1 replies
18h15m

As a student, how would I know what things the LLM tutor can provide correct answers for, and what things I will need to "use appropriate tools" for? Should I rely on the LLM to help teach me spelling, or US history, or are there more appropriate tools for these, too?

spencerchubb
0 replies
17h9m

if the product is great, hopefully you as the user would not have to worry about which tool is doing which task. the developers would worry about that. it's the same in any app. the user doesn't know or care what tool is used to render the frontend or store the data in the backend

Ylpertnodi
3 replies
23h29m

As an AI layman (downloaded Claude for android as a result of hn, just today) "why does it matter whether an LLM can compare numbers?", is rather important to me. Probably others, also.

wrsh07
0 replies
19h39m

It doesn't seem super relevant to karpathy announcing he's created a company so that he can increase the production value of his AI YouTube videos

I mean, sure, the company is ostensibly going to also teach math at some point, but karpathy will not be using gpt 4o for that when it launches (what do you think his timelines are? Do you think he is going to be able to solve trivial things like "having the llm use something like function calling to do math"? If you're unfamiliar with his work, karpathy is a very good engineer, and this is a small problem that anybody working in building production apps on LLMs can easily deal with)

spencerchubb
0 replies
18h56m

i can understand that perspective. as an end user, you would like your application to handle math questions correctly. it's true that llms are not the best at math

as an application developer, if we need an llm to be good at math, one solution is to give it access to a python interpret

awwaiid
0 replies
17h53m

I was going to say beware because there isn't an Anthropic Claude official app.... but I checked and I guess as of today there is one hah. https://www.anthropic.com/news/android-app

SrslyJosh
2 replies
23h5m

AI bros: "Why does it matter whether [a program that people want to use to teach children] can [tell whether one number is bigger than another]?"

=)

spencerchubb
0 replies
19h3m

applications can use multiple tools. an llm is just one tool, and it will not cover every use case, such as math. that does not detract from the utility of llms

ryandrake
0 replies
21h55m

"But, teacher, it was a tokenization issue!"

layer8
0 replies
23h27m

At least LLMs know when to use upper case.

freejazz
0 replies
22h57m

Are you saying we shouldn't teach children things that "can be done trivially in any programming language?"

How will they know what they are doing in that language?

cccybernetic
14 replies
20h59m

This is a problem I’m working on.

I’m a software engineer at major US research university developing AI-powered software to improve critical reading and writing skills in higher ed. The idea is to provide immediate, high-quality feedback to students, closing the “latency” of submitting something and waiting to hear back from you professor.

I do genuinely think AI can reshape teaching and learning, but it will be a slow iterative process. We can use it scale what works (personalized learning and tutoring, helping students develop mastery/automaticity on topics, targeting areas where they struggle). It can also automate time-consuming tasks that bog teachers down.

If you're interested in pedagogy, AI, and tech, please reach out.

ilamont
6 replies
19h51m

I’m a software engineer at major US research university developing AI-powered software to improve critical reading and writing skills in higher ed.

Oftentimes, the root cause of the critical reading problem is the quality of the writing that students are subjected to. My daughter recently showed me one of her economics readings, and said she couldn't understand it. It was 40 pages of convoluted academic writing like this:

Wibbels argues that developing countries face an inherently disadvantaged position in the world economy due to their dependence on foreign capital and an undiversified base of commodity exports as primary sources of hard currency. This dependent position relative to capital markets prevents developing countries from borrowing to engage in counter-cyclical aggregate demand management.

Is such language the optimal way to express ideas for comprehension by peers, students, and policymakers?

I hope your mission to improve writing skills in higher ed addresses the source of output - professors, teaching assistants, journal editors, and others who continue to promote outdated, inconsistent, and counterproductive academic writing styles.

Merik
3 replies
15h57m

Claude 3.5 to the rescue:

“Wibbels claims that developing countries are at a disadvantage in the global economy for two main reasons:

1. They rely heavily on foreign investment.

2. They depend on exporting a limited range of raw materials to earn foreign currency.

Because of this weak economic position, developing countries struggle to borrow money when needed. This makes it hard for them to boost their economies during economic downturns, unlike wealthier nations that can more easily borrow and spend to stimulate growth. “

notachatbot1234
1 replies
11h3m

Are those really the same?

- "commodity exports" -> "raw materials"?

- "hard currency" -> "foreign currency"?

corimaith
0 replies
9h2m

This does illustrate a problem when talking about complex topics or mechanisms is the need for specificity. Using short, simple sentences comes at the risk of making things seem overly vague and hand wavey, or worse, misrepresent the concept.

In continental philosophy or mathematical papers this gets all too apparent, as alot of argument hinge on very fine differences and nuances that need to specified else people get the wrong idea.

pants2
0 replies
12h0m

Wow, I would have killed to have access to something like Claude when I was in school. I would have spent a lot less time stuck on problems or topics.

km3r
0 replies
15h59m

As an interesting example, i passed that passage to chatgpt3.5 with the prompt "make the following passage much simpler to understand"

Wibbels says that poorer countries are in a tough spot in the global economy. They rely a lot on money from other countries and mainly sell raw materials to get cash. Because they're so reliant on foreign money, they can't borrow much to manage their economy when things are going bad.

This is a pretty basic prompt too, you can add qualifiers to fit your general audience: "easier to understand for a high school student". You could provide context of previous and subsequent passages as well. Yeah its not perfect, but the right prompt could provide at least a consistent output style.

freejazz
0 replies
15h46m

Is such language the optimal way to express ideas for comprehension by peers, students, and policymakers?

Those are three completely different groups with completely different needs.

__loam
2 replies
20h44m

I'm glad I got my degrees before people starting trying to integrate bullshit generators into my education. I've been really frustrated with the conversation about the potential applications for this technology. These chatbots have no relationship with the truth or with knowledge, and are designed to agree with users and act accommodating regardless of how wrong someone is. We're talking about putting this tech between patients and doctors, students and teachers and meanwhile McDonald's is rolling back deployments because it can't even take a fast food order accurately.

Merik
1 replies
15h52m

I think you’re confusing the technology with a product developed using that technology. The prevalence of poorly implemented products or the lack of fit of some products to a particular target market, do not inherently provide evidence for conclusions about the technology itself.

xanderlewis
0 replies
7h14m

The lack of successful implementation is surely at least evidence that the technology might not be living up to the hype, though — no?

It’s like “but that wasn’t real communism”.

throwaway2037
1 replies
11h25m

This sounds great.

I have a roommate who is a weak non-native English speaker. However, he needs to write and submit scientific papers in English. He uses the "pro" version of ChatGPT to improve his written English. He said it is like having a 1:1 English language tutor because he gets nearly instant feedback when trying to rewrite a sentence or paragraph. I am native in English. He showed me some before and after examples. His message remained unchanged, but the revised versions were so much smoother. My point: He is not using ChatGPT to "cheat", rather to improve delivery of his message. I wrote about this previously here on HN. It received very mixed reviews.

3D30497420
0 replies
10h39m

I'm using ChatGPT to help me learn German. It is good, but as with all current AI it has a tendency to be very confidently wrong. This is especially true for more nuanced grammatical questions, such as "Why is this in dativ?" For that reason, I never feel I can fully trust it (and certainly wouldn't build a language-learning product around it). With that said however, it is a great addition to the various tools I use.

I think what your roommate is doing is fine. Being a native English speaker is a bit of a cheat anyhow. I very much appreciate the challenge of learning another language, so am not going to fault someone for using different tools to help improve their language. So long as the ideas are (relatively) original, the specific wording seems less important.

champdebloom
1 replies
18h12m

I’m a teacher turned web developer building tools to help other teachers automate their menial admin tasks. I’d love to chat when you have a moment!

cccybernetic
0 replies
4h14m

Absolutely, email is in my profile. Please reach out.

d--b
9 replies
8h53m

Fast-food for education.

In my opinion, the whole AI trend is another round of industrialization making low-quality options for the poor.

- You're too poor for meat? Here is some hyper-processed, growth-hormoned burgers.

- You're too poor for a proper house? Here's a shitty pre-fab with walls so thin you can smash through them with your bare fists.

- You're too poor for fancy clothes? Here's a Bangladesh-sweatshopped T-shirt that won't make it past 3 washing cycles.

- You're too poor for school? Here's a computer with an LLM on it.

You could say that at least poor people have houses, steaks and education, but in the end, it's just a way of paying people less, cause they don't need much to send their kids to college anymore...

In any case, you can be sure that Harvard kids won't get any of that crap.

brap
2 replies
8h20m

Is making things accessible bad?

Moldoteck
0 replies
8h2m

are things really made accessible? or you create worse things so that poor can think they have access to those things but in fact it's totally different with lots of features cut? I mean, some are catching like smartphone features, but having unreliable ai as educational source compared to a teacher... idk how this would pan out but who knows...

Der_Einzige
0 replies
6h13m

In many cases yes. Elitism is often good, and populism is often bad.

yanis_t
1 replies
4h3m

Pretty sure, LLMs even at current stage would be better teachers than at least 20% bottom shitty teachers out there. But I like your analogy! Please tell me where to get shirts that last longer then 3 washing cycles

lkdfjlkdfjlg
0 replies
1h9m

I'm in the UK. I buy the cheapest t-shirts in bulk from Primark. They're still going.

I bought them about 7 years ago for 1 pound each. I think they're 2.5 pounds now.

weweersdfsd
1 replies
5h57m

Based on my understanding, the cost-quality ratio of most higher education in the US isn't exactly great either. Students from poorer families taking massive student debt to study something that doesn't even get them much better income is not a good outcome, yet it's a reality for many.

In addition to that, think in most fields there's an increasing need for education that is more flexible than multi-year degrees, simply because requirements for skills change so fast these days.

jltsiren
0 replies
4h14m

The American model of higher education focuses too much on teaching and too little on self-study. This makes the degrees more expensive and less useful. You need to hire more teachers if you want to cover every required topic in a class. And then the degree only signals that the graduate can learn complex things if properly supervised. It's less certain that the graduate can learn new things on their own, which future employers might want to know.

saint_fiasco
0 replies
1h1m

Not every cheap product has to be low quality. In particular, lots of products are used by poor and rich alike.

Everyone uses the same smartphones (the poor people use phones about as good as rich people used less than a decade ago), everyone drinks the same soft drinks, everyone takes the same cold medicine (the generic ones are pretty good), everyone uses the same social media, the same operating systems (even the richest Microsoft customers have to put up with their adware)

emporas
0 replies
3h17m

Epic fail, right? Or are we getting gaslighted [1]?

I see no reason that chemical molecules and their reactions cannot be transformed into music. Mathematics, programming, physics could turn into songs and registered to memory better than any other way. A.I. could help with that as an assistant.

[1] https://www.independent.co.uk/tech/harvard-chatbot-teacher-c...

djeastm
8 replies
23h21m

One thing I've not understood about this is how do you create an AI course to teach people things... without creating an AI that can DO the very thing that will make that very same knowledge obsolete?

For example, how do you create an AI language teacher without creating an AI that can make learning languages obsolete? If you've got an AI that can, in real time, hear other languages and translate them (as you might have for an AI language teacher), then why would a human need to spend countless hours learning this other language? Just hold your phone up and let AI do the work for a fraction of the effort.

For a harder, non-solved problem, consider math. For an AI to do math will require something unknown at this point, if it can ever happen. But assuming it does, why would we want a human ever to "do math" ever again when we have the AI that can teach it just do it for us? The AI will almost certainly do it more cheaply and with more skill than a human IF it can be done at all.

It's this sobering realization that I struggle with. If someone can tell me where I'm wrong I'd be greatly pleased

huevosabio
1 replies
21h52m

Some subjects are necessary building blocks to more sophisticated tasks. The AI can teach the building blocks and leave the task of building to us.

Coding, for example, is just a small subset of the tasks necessary for software engineering, which in turn is a small subset of the tasks necessary for SaaS company.

We can break down human endeavors into subjects that are "AI teachable" and without ever needing the AI to be able to use them in a sophisticated fashion.

We already do it like this, but with humans.

philipwhiuk
0 replies
17h21m

Are you arguing some stuff is un-teachable or that some stuff is human teachable and not AI teachable.

If the former, how are people learning unteachable moments right now.

wrsh07
0 replies
19h46m

I think you're imagining something like chess. In order for an ai chessbot to teach me chess as efficiently as possible, that bot is probably superhuman at chess.

That's not necessarily the case. A good tutor can be more "curator" than "creator of course content"

I can learn math by reading existing math textbooks. Imagine having an ai that is able to judge my knowledge of that math and assign reading or problem sets accordingly. Imagine an AI that is compelling to talk to and keeps me on task given my stated learning goals.

None of that requires superhuman anything.

Would I still want to learn linear algebra even if the frontier of math is being advanced by some super intelligence? Sure, why not? Isn't the frontier already being advanced by many people smarter than I am?

qup
0 replies
23h18m

Well, for instance, because hearing other languages and translating them is not even the primary use-case for knowing a language. It would take a suite of purpose-built AIs, and the knowledge and ability to use them in-situ, to replace knowing a language.

AIs can also teach us to do things they cannot themselves do, for instance you could have a driving-test tutor. It could teach you a lot of things, despite us not having full self-driving AIs.

olddustytrail
0 replies
23h11m

Well I've never learned a language in order to be the best at that language, or the only person who can speak it.

If you only want some basic communication, sure use a translation app, but learning a language is also about learning a culture. Learning about new music and literature and poetry that you'd never otherwise get exposure to.

It's like asking what's the point of learning a musical instrument when I'll never be a great musician.

It's to benefit myself so what would be the point of just getting a translation. They're never the same.

edmundsauto
0 replies
23h18m

Is this not the same as human teachers?

In the language example, people still want to learn to read/write other languages despite many translators being available. The tech to teach might be less sensitive to latency than the skill in humans, or it might be very expensive, or it might be useful to non-tech-literate people.

Sanzig
0 replies
22h39m

Using a phone translator is fine for being a tourist or maybe for short business trips. It's super inconvenient if you want to live and work somewhere where they speak that language, though.

You need to have your phone on you all the time, otherwise you can't communicate. There is always going to be at least one clause worth of latency in each direction of translation due to differences in word order and semantics, so you'll be at least a sentence or two behind the conversation - whereas if you learn the language, you're interacting in real time. Also do not underestimate the goodwill that comes from being willing to learn a language - people recognize that it's hard, they're going to be much warmer to someone who spent over a thousand hours to reach B2 in their second language vs. someone who downloaded an app instead of putting the effort in.

Near real time speech-to-speech machine translation is super cool if you're a tourist visiting a country for a couple weeks, or an employee visiting a factory in a country you don't speak the language. It isn't a replacement for learning a language, though.

Lichtso
0 replies
21h10m

I generally agree, in the long term there will be far less need for teachers, as there will be less need for human jobs to be taught.

However, creating many individual systems which are better than a human in a specific area each is very different from one unified and integrated system which combines all of them. The latter will take a lot longer to achieve. Until then there is value in teaching humans.

rng_civ
7 replies
16h53m

Prediction: the best AI teacher (or just teacher in general) will be the one that is able to emotionally read and guide/manipulate the student towards learning and self improvement.

If such an AI teacher style becomes widespread, this means that they have the potential to replace the parental relationship (in the same manner AI girlfriend/boyfriends threaten romantic relationships).

I see people talk about the dangers of the AI girlfriend/boyfriend, but not the dangers of introducing AI teachers to (especially young) kids. Nominal adults are already being affected by this (see Replika and company) and they are not even the "best".

If I wear my cynical hat for a second, I'm willing to bet that this parental replacement is a certainty, as an extension of the "screen" parenting that already exists. But this time, it might actually be helpful for the child so it will be socially acceptable and encouraged.

boplicity
3 replies
13h48m

An app that makes my kid feel good about doing math? Sign me up!

aleph_minus_one
1 replies
10h8m

Since my neighbouring comment (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40983181) brings up a good point which I also would have brought up, I want to give another point:

At school, there existed some classmates who hated math as a school subject, but nevertheless loved my ramblings about mathematical topics (well, they were at least more interesting than some other school subjects). Nevertheless, I guess my style of motivating people to like and do math would not be loved by parents: it it rather of the style "I'll explain you stuff about plant and process engineering so that you can build a weed farm that will be harder to detect by the police" for math, i.e. explain what subversive stuff you can do if you know math. I don't want to go into the details here.

This is deeply motivating for particular kinds of kids (with punk traits) to become quite interested in mathematical topics, but of course many parents would hate it because my teaching methods for math turn the child into a bad citizen. ;-)

glial
0 replies
14m

I agree with your general point -- we should lean into kids' existing motivations rather than wring our hands that kids don't like to do rote practice. Doing anything else is a failing strategy, unless we devise new motivational environments.

forgotusername6
0 replies
11h44m

Feeling good about math might not be the most optimal way of learning. What if the algorithm learns that emotional blackmail is the best way of getting someone to learn?

owenpalmer
2 replies
16h28m

the best AI teacher (or just teacher in general) will be the one that is able to emotionally read and guide/manipulate the student towards learning and self improvement

Spot on. It would be interesting to see how one would train a model to do this

tkgally
1 replies
15h52m

I agree with that point, too.

My guess is that current models are not yet able to provide consistent, effective motivation to learners over the long term. Like a lot of new educational technology, they might be fun and engaging in the short term but will lose their effectiveness as motivators once the shine has worn off.

But the models might become better motivators as they become more multimodal, so that they are able to respond in real time to the student’s tone of voice and facial expressions, and as they acquire longer context windows, so that they are able to adapt their interactions to what the student has done weeks or months earlier.

The biggest issue, I think, is what the OP raises: Whether the bots will be able to—or allowed to—acquire sufficiently human-like personalities and indentities so that they can motivate learners as human parents, teachers, and mentors do—by making the learners want to please them, to be praised by them, to avoid angering them, to emulate them.

corimaith
0 replies
8h47m

We already have highly efficient "stand-alone" motivators, they're called video games. And for Educational video games, there's been attempts, some would say it's too difficult to integrate the two fields together, but looking at what's been attempted vs what's actually done in industry I can't say they've really tried that hard.

The problem I would imagine is that the kind of people who go on to make an educational video game probably will lack the necessary creative or aesthetic chops to do it. And no game dev is going to be dreaming of building one either. But if one were to commission a veteran studio instead we might get better results.

ugh123
6 replies
23h38m

According to the picture in the tweet, you could grow 3 arms by following these courses!

ModernMech
1 replies
23h12m

The rest of the AI art in the course isn't any better. The thing is, it doesn't have to be like that. I do AI art and I follow a lot of AI artists, and you can fix all those little weird mistakes it makes.

The thing is, when the AI art generator makes a mistake and draws a person with 3 arms, that is obvious to the student and they can take the output with a grain of salt.

But when the AI physics tutor generates some physics result that's the equivalent of a person with 3 arms, that will not be obvious to the student. They will take the words of the AI credulously. I see it all the time in programming as well, where the AI just invents APIs, semantics, and syntax.

I don't know how to solve this.

prewett
0 replies
22h32m

I don't know how to solve this.

Don't use an algorithm which produces its response according to a probabilistic arrangement of tokens when solutions require accuracy / correctness? Most probable and most accurate are not the same thing. Hoping that we can get the errors down to something acceptable using an algorithm that is fundamentally inappropriate to solving the problem seems like a fool's errand to me.

vunderba
0 replies
23h30m

I don't understand how he missed that.

This is the same issue I have with large language model as coding assistants, since you're effectively not in the driver seat - you're acting more like a code reviewer, and I think that that passivity eventually causes critical observational skills to atrophy.

shellfishgene
0 replies
23h31m

And after all those Feynman Physics courses they placed their solar panels in the shade ;)

mads
0 replies
23h34m

I am getting Jehovah's Witness vibes from it.

layer8
0 replies
23h32m

AI is an arms race.

htk
5 replies
22h19m

I'm impressed by the amount of flak that Karpathy is getting here.

His great instructional videos on YT tell me that he is passionate for both AI and education, so I'm all for him trying to mix the two. More effort on education is always welcome in my book.

layer8
4 replies
21h51m

Their first planned product is an online course for building a "Storyteller" LLM, explicitly stating that the course will take some time to build and that there is no timeline on when it will launch [1]. The company page states that their vision merely "feels tractable", and concedes that they might not be successful [2]. There is a lack of arguments regarding how they can bring any substantial advancements over current generative AI tech. At present this all looks rather underwhelming, with a substantial dose of wishful thinking.

[1] https://github.com/karpathy/LLM101n [2] https://eurekalabs.ai/

jmull
3 replies
21h46m

There is a lack of arguments regarding how they can bring any substantial advancements over current AI tech.

It doesn't sound like that's a goal though.

layer8
2 replies
21h45m

It would be necessary to fulfil the vision.

ramon156
1 replies
20h8m

It would be, but its not top priority to finish by yesterday. This is a new direction, so I'd rather have it be good than quick

warkdarrior
0 replies
18h47m

Frankly they are in a race with the AGI folks. If AGI is built first, you no longer need to educate humans, since most humans will be useless at that point.

Buttons840
5 replies
5h48m

Almost all education (think math) is taught in a linear fashion, teachers teach in an order because they exist in linear time, and textbooks are organized front to back, but learning should be more like a DAG (a tree) of dependencies.

We don't even need AI. I'd love to see something like Khan Academy mixed with space repetition and an DAG of knowledge dependencies. If you get a question wrong, the spaced repetition algorithm should present material about the underlying dependencies. Unfortunately, Khan Academy is focused on conforming to the linear paths (curriculums) that schools and universities have chosen.

hnben
1 replies
2h32m

isn't learning (especially math) spaced Repetition per default?

i.e. you learn about "addition". Then you repeat your knowledge of "addition" when you learn about "multiplication", because it is just "addition" but with extra steps.

I think the more important a concept is, the more spaced Repetition you will experience. If you only repeat a piece of information very rarely, it may not be very essential, and you should consider dropping it from the curiculum.

Also there are information, which only exist as stepping stones to understand more complex topics. And once you understand the more complex thing well enough, you can forget about some of the stepping stones. For example: I once learned a proof, that basically says that all computers can solve the same set of problem in roughly the same amount of time (within a linear factor). I forgot all the details about the proof, but in my every day life as a programmer it is important to know, that the benefit "better hardware" can only get more so far, and for really strong performance-gains, I need to improve my algorithms.

saint_fiasco
0 replies
1h13m

It should be, but if the teacher is teaching you multiplication and you are struggling because you haven't reviewed addition in a while, the teacher will probably just yell at you.

Only the most dedicated of teachers will review addition with you yet again before moving on with multiplication lessons. After all, there are dozens of kids in the class, they can't all delay the lesson just for your sake.

EGreg
0 replies
5h23m

We are doing that and much more at https://teaching.app

Look at the ways we change teaching

techostritch
4 replies
23h2m

I feel really weird about education, the only value I think I’ve ever gotten in education is tangential (social, inspirational) which I think many people say is the primary value, but when it comes to actually work skills Im mostly self taught. I’m not sure if there’s a way to make school better without making it way more expensive. AI would be interesting but so far it’s not reallly there yet, for one I think it needs coaching skills to know when to reach out rather than just respond to prompts. And most self learning is experiential not interactive.

jimhefferon
3 replies
22h21m

I'm sorry, but you wrote this post. Did you self-teach writing?

jdthedisciple
1 replies
7h32m

Maybe he told Siri to write it?

techostritch
0 replies
6h15m

Maybe he is Siri!

techostritch
0 replies
21h33m

The mechanics no. I’m like very intentionally trying not to be an extremist about this, yes I did get some value out of school but relatively disproportionate to the effort I put in.

osigurdson
4 replies
16h0m

I've always felt that (so far) ChatGPT is better at teaching than actually doing things.

loveparade
3 replies
14h50m

Yeah, because when it teaches you something you don't know you don't realize how many oversights it makes.

osigurdson
2 replies
14h46m

The alternative is hunting around on google for things. I don't think that is better.

loveparade
1 replies
11h37m

Not so sure about that. Because when you hunt around for things you know the source. If I watch a lecture by a math professor I can make a guess about the trustworthiness of the information. With an LLM, I can't.

osigurdson
0 replies
4h19m

I also have a brain that (I believe) has become fairly good at detecting when LLMs are hallucinating.

ffhhj
4 replies
1d

we are heads down building LLM101n

Kind of ironic an AI isn't building it. But that's an example of the current state of AI being more a remixer of knowlegde than a planner of actions.

simonw
1 replies
23h54m

From the announcement:

The teacher still designs the course materials, but they are supported, leveraged and scaled with an AI Teaching Assistant who is optimized to help guide the students through them.

So the AI isn't expected to build the materials.

ilaksh
0 replies
23h50m

I assume that it would be an agent that the teacher prompts in a loop to build and refine the course material. Probably with an upload so if they want to bring the full thing ready to go they can and in that case the data just needs to be formatted by the LLM for their database, but also can have the AI fill things in. And then check what came out and refine it.

jasonsb
1 replies
23h57m

Don't worry about it, I'm sure that "AI" is working on something much bigger.

dontlikeyoueith
0 replies
23h8m

Killing all humans?

epups
4 replies
23h58m

It seems that this would compete with Khan Academy for a similar space. Perhaps Karpathy will aim for adults instead?

minimaxir
3 replies
23h57m

Khan Academy is more than AI/LLM courses.

simonw
1 replies
23h55m

It sounds like Andrej's ambitions stretch beyond AI/LLM courses too - but they're a natural "first course" starting point because that's where his own teaching expertise is focused.

LegitShady
0 replies
23h25m

ambition is cheap, value is expensive.

petercooper
0 replies
23h7m

It is. Though they are also doing some really smart and thoughtful stuff with LLMs to power courses and learning environments (https://www.khanmigo.ai/ is a part of it).

kaladin_1
1 replies
22h52m

Thanks for the link. Found it useful. x is blocked at dns level on my computer.

jdthedisciple
0 replies
7h38m

x is blocked at dns level on my computer

Hero!

Take that Elon you baddie!

trod123
3 replies
20h46m

This is misguided, naive, and likely to end in multiple potential failure outcomes that may be unacceptable, both from a profit standpoint; as well as a societal standpoint.

Education is a part of what gets adopted into each and every student's self concept (identity). There is an uncanny valley in communication where any inconsistent distortion of reflected appraisal can lead students down a path of irrational madness, in a way that they themselves cannot perceive. This is well known in certain circles.

AI always has the biases which are programmed into it by the creators of the AI, whether this is explicit or implicit, the fact remains, there are biases.

AI in education will be proven to be harmful because there is no possible way that AI can remain consistent in its interactions at all times. We already know this from hallucinations where experts went and fact checked it and found it had lied, where lawyers were disbarred or censured.

Put plainly, this is a safety critical system involving our children.

Given the level of care to date that's occurred with AI in industry, there is no room for discussion or adoption of these tools, unless the actual unspoken intention is to drive your children crazy; where they self eliminate later as a result.

Rationally, good people don't create a world of intolerable suffering and then magically expect that somehow, someone, will figure out a way to fix everything you've broken but were too blind to see; at the time when knowing would save lives.

For those who enjoy cinema, a perfect analogy of this might be the Day After Tomorrow, where the main scientist turns out to be correct, but was ultimately ignored until devastating losses and risks were nearly insurmountable.

Leadership didn't want to hear the facts when knowing would have saved lives, and so they had to take a triage on the battlefield approach (abandoning half the country). While it is a fictional story, it sufficiently demonstrates what lack of scientific or rational foresight can lead to for those that can't imagine it themselves (people who are blinded like that should never be in positions of influence or power).

germinalphrase
1 replies
20h32m

“ There is an uncanny valley in communication where any inconsistent distortion of reflected appraisal can lead students down a path of irrational madness, in a way that they themselves cannot perceive. This is well known in certain circles.”

Please expand.

trod123
0 replies
19h52m

Foundational material comes from 1940s and 1950s wartime records of torture done on individuals during WW2 and Korean Conflict (under Mao).

You can find the raw case studies in the literature:

Robert Lifton "Thought Reform & The psychology of totalism";

John Meerloo "Rape of the Mind" covers the methodology often used along with knowledge at the time that physical coercion is not effective compared to mental coercion.

There are a number of more modern references. This is just to get you started (as an overview), with the least amount of ambiguity.

Torture induces vulnerable mental states which can create lasting changes in combination with a little knowledge of our (humanities) psychology.

I believe Cialdini covers the other lever's of influence in his book on Influence. These can all be used in any perceived communications system. He directly mentions PoW camps in his chapter on Consistency (with a lot of additional references).

Most modern documented cases of torture involve mental coercion, absent most physical coercion. This may take the form of varying and intermittent loud noises, bright lights (meant to disorient and confuse), isolation, sleep deprivation, etc which are intended to induce hypnotic states. There may also be covert hypnosis techniques that can be used as well, not excluding modern pharmacology derivatives based in narco-analysis (which during WW2 were known to not be effective), or drug dependency (not related to the current discussion).

The subject may become psychotic/violent, or withdraw (disassociate) becoming non-responsive, from extended exposure to mental coercion. Only a very rare few may be cursory unaffected (but still be hallowed out somewhat). Largely this is just a function of time and exposure.

In many cases all cohorts will to a degree adopt characteristics of their torturer (through distorted reflected appraisal), or whatever they promote (towards the promise or hope of relief, which is not physical relief).

Additionally, this material also includes the process of breaking down an individuals self-concept. As an example through destructive interference, by forcing the subject into acts that violate their deeply held beliefs, Abu Ghraib comes to mind, an example might be subscribing deeply to jewish traditions, and then being fed meat in your food without your knowledge (until later) where invectives and humiliation are induced. Overall, this subject matter is some of the darkest evil stuff you'd ever want to know, but it is entirely necessary to know in order to recognize and put a stop to it.

Most people don't recognize how evil works in reality, it works through willful blindness, and continues until its stopped, and perception requires you to not be blind to alert to that fact. Those who have blinded themselves are incapable of stopping.

Many of these structures, tactics, and techniques that originate in torture, form the basis for what is used today very commonly in advertising and marketing, as well as subversion and propaganda.

The reality is its fairly simple to break people with certain structures. One such structure is prompting for confession to induce consistency traps, then using that to mold the person to a certain narrative in a circular loop.

The use of the hot potato in the classroom, for open-ended questions (opinion) is one such example where this material has found purchase in K12 education.

Often, these elements are subtle, and are non-alerting; but demonstrably effective. What I've mentioned is just scratching the surface.

Edit: on a side note:

There is an interesting, and somewhat convincing argument to be made in this area related to active shooters. It may be that these related crimes may in some part be linked to the mental coercive spirals that are regularly being induced in our population. Bullying, Harassment and 'Silencing'/Shunning, and Discrimination (of any kind) for example are forms of social (mental) coercion.

While it is not a causal link, nor does it excuse any outcomes (which are unjustifiable, and worthy of condemnation). It is certainly plausible given the background knowledge in this subject area and some basic a priori reasoning.

Inducements through ads, and other isolating tactics may be ephemeral data that is not collected.

Given the risks, it certainly should merit much further scientific investigation and funding than it currently receives. It is well known that tortured people eventually break.

For simple lookup (Author/ISBN): Robert Lifton, 0393002217 Meerloo, 9781614277873 Cialdini, 9780062937650

The basis for Reflected Appraisal is examined in Mead, 1934; Cooley, 1902; Sullivan, 1947, Felson, 1985. There has been some research more recently suggesting there may be a physiological mechanism for this process in neuronal structures though one must always consider the source for credibility (DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.06.017).

Self Concept and Reflected appraisal Theory form a large chunk of the curricula under Intro to Communications courses at the college level, and a few other fields.

__loam
0 replies
20h36m

Put much more politely than I would. I'm glad people are starting to question the narrative on this technology.

nitwit005
3 replies
18h42m

For example, in the case of physics one could imagine working through very high quality course materials together with Feynman [...]

However, with recent progress in generative AI, this learning experience feels tractable.

If you can create the Feynman AI, you shouldn't bother with an education company.

robrenaud
0 replies
17h30m

The physics professor AI wouldn't have to solve novel problems in physics, it just has to be able to remove the confusion of physics undergrads.

mometsi
0 replies
18h4m

It might be that exploring new physics might be best pursued by inhuman alphago-style setups.

A sharp, domain-specific Feynman-flavored LLM would be broadly useful and still worth bothering with.

analog31
0 replies
18h5m

Perhaps if Feynman could recommend educational software, he'd choose a programming language. I think the best educational tools are real-world creative tools. This includes access to knowledge.

tekno45
2 replies
23h1m

Anytime someone says AI can give everyone their own einstein, Feynman, Galileo in a box i can only think about how little data we have on anyone before the 90's.

These would be charcutiers of these people with nothing but their most famous equations and examples and quips letting you know "this is supposed to be a famous person"

bearjaws
0 replies
17h45m

These would be charcutiers of these people

I think you mean caricature, but I do love the idea of Feynman making a mean charcuterie board

KTibow
0 replies
18h4m

Don't we have writing from (some of) these folks?

sagebird
2 replies
6h6m

Ai girlfriends are best positioned for tutoring success because they can motivate, withhold, etc.

Parents- get your son an AI girlfriend with a strong degree.

CuriouslyC
1 replies
6h0m

AI girlfriends are designed to hook the user by blowing sunshine up their ass, not challenge them. If the people using AI girlfriends wanted a challenge, they'd have real girlfriends.

Satam
0 replies
4h59m

Tell 'em!

instagraham
2 replies
9h6m

I really really feel that every temptation to do a "cool idea + AI" play should have a good amount of consideration for whether it'll cut jobs.

This can play out in two ways:

- Teachers free up time/make time to give more personal tutoring to kids

- Teachers do this but schools start hiring fewer of them in the expectation of doing more

I don't think you will find anywhere on earth where teaching is a job with a great job market, perks or benefits. It's underpaid, underappreciated and understaffed.

People wielding AI like a bulldog at a glass store should be more mindful of the socioeconomics. But I'm not gonna hold my breath for that.

tempaccount420
0 replies
8h40m

That's the broken window fallacy. "Why fix the system if it provides jobs?" - so they can do more valuable jobs.

Jakob
0 replies
8h27m

As a counter point, I think Singapore is a good example of well-educated, appreciated and well-paid teachers in public and private schools. Even starting at kindergarten. Education is on a different importance level there both for the government and its citizens.

I was surprised to see the relatively high salary in Luxemburg, Germany and Switzerland, too: https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glan...

demondemidi
2 replies
23h36m

Might wanna wait until the hype cycle is over in a few years.

nineteen999
1 replies
22h56m

Why? The VC money is flowing right now.

demondemidi
0 replies
43m

Do you know what happens when you take VC money? Probably not. I assume OP wants to succeed and retain control. VC money is about the worst choice of funding for something like this.

LegitShady
2 replies
23h26m

its super easy to start ai companies, its difficult to make them meaningful. The ai generated image in the twitter post has an asian woman with 3 arms and some of the most horrific AI face placements I've seen in a while - Is this the quality control we can expect our future AI education systems to embody?

layer8
0 replies
23h22m

its super easy to start ai companies

And only barely an inconvenience.

avaldez_
0 replies
18h4m

The ai generated image in the twitter post has an asian woman with 3 arms and some of the most horrific AI face placements I've seen in a while

Also solar panels in the floor lmao

_solar freaking roadways_ ptsd

8organicbits
2 replies
17h24m

Does anyone expect LLMs to be good at tutoring? Like, sure, if you prompt them to talk like a tutor they generate text that looks convincing. But they spew nonsense and you need a subject matter expert to know when they've gone off the rails. And it's really easy to get factually incorrect information from LLMs. Students are uniquely unequiped to act as that SME as they don't have the knowledge yet. I haven't even seen LLMs add numbers reliably. I don't get this idea.

skeeter2020
0 replies
17h13m

using AI to tackle the pinnacle of education ex: "tutored by the premiere minds in the subject area" feels a lot like self-driving cars in the most dynamic, entropy-filled environments. Why try to solve the vast majority of the problem like easier driving scenarios? We don't need Feynman to teach physics when high school graduates can't read or do basic math. I guess there's no glory or money in this application...

plexicle
0 replies
17h22m

I didn't think so either.

But it's Karphathy... and he's way smarter than I am.

tschellenbach
1 replies
22h21m

Imagine world class education, for everyone, accessible to all at the price of Netflix. AI can be a teaching assistant, but also makes it easier to create course materials. Generating video explanations, infographics etc.

skeeter2020
0 replies
17h4m

we can't even get quality on-demand video entertainment, for everyone, accessible to all at the price of Netflix. My company makes a Gen-AI powered course builder for our LMS and Feynman does not have to worry about the competition.

stephc_int13
1 replies
20h37m

I am seeing a lot of skepticism on this thread.

While I agree that this approach to learning (with a bot) may not be a good fit for everyone, I am absolutely sure it can be for some.

I don't see the harm in exploring this path.

This is not like education was a solved problem, it is extremely wasteful, inconsistent and costly.

I think there is a path for more projects/interest based, less competitive and more individually tailored learning system when we remove all the constraints attached to a classroom and teachers, many of them being incompetent or miserable.

stephc_int13
0 replies
20h35m

The goal is to get closer to what a tutor can do, and it has been proved that tutoring by experts is by far the most efficient education system, the only problem is it does not scale.

nedrylandJP
1 replies
23h55m

Any openings for a 40-something career-changing educator?

beardedwizard
0 replies
23h36m

I would suggest you contact karpathy and not randoms who posted/commented this

koonsolo
1 replies
22h53m

I'll tell you where it will go wrong.

We had an economics teacher, that when you would bring up "the pope" topic, she could go on a 1+ hour rant about what is wrong with the whole catholic institution, etc.

Of course us kids, would somehow be able to get this topic into the lesson, to trigger her rant.

If you want to know various ways on how to break AI, let some kids, who are forced to interact with it, loose on the thing. I'm sure they'll figure out how to get it to say the most crazy shit in no time.

marcosdumay
0 replies
22h22m

All of it has to go tremendously right for that to be the point where it breaks.

hprotagonist
1 replies
6h2m

The Diamond Age trajectory? A young lady’s illustrated transformer primer, a paid upgrade tier to a remote worker instead of a llm for direct tutoring.

giraffe_lady
0 replies
3h11m

So the vast body of working class users become a resource subordinate to the handful of aristocratic "protagonists?" I often think that is the goal envisioned by the tech industry yes.

dyarosla
1 replies
23h45m

What’s the differentiation with other similar ventures?

For instance, Synthesis[0] is an instructor designed, AI supplemented site for early math. https://www.synthesis.com/

It really seems like the distinction for these kinds of AI-education ventures comes down to the human educator(s) involved.

sahil87
0 replies
7h37m

With https://www.fruitsalad.ai it's about creating learning games - making hard topic fun to learn.

caconym_
1 replies
23h12m

I am seriously worried about what it's going to cost to buy my daughter a seat at the human table rather than defaulting to the AI slop trough it seems most kids less privileged than her will be forced to learn from in the near future.

bilsbie
0 replies
20h25m

I think we’ve been at the point you’re worried about for a while. It’s just we don’t even have a substitute like Ai yet.

Instead we just accept really bad education.

boyka
1 replies
1d

Can someone please provide the mentioned links? (For those without X account)

bastien2
1 replies
23h25m

Chatbots can't teach critical thought or ethics. They need to be able to understand language and bias first, and that's an as yet unsolved problem.

Until a chatbot is provably correct and ethical in its output, it must not be used to teach.

Case in point: the slop image attached to the announcement has the typical malformed hands and ghoulish faces problems.

GaggiX
0 replies
23h1m

Are humans provably correct and ethical in their outputs?

MisterBastahrd
1 replies
21h46m

Cool.

I'm a process oriented learner. While I can read any fact or trivia and retain it with no effort, things that require steps I only really learn by repeatedly doing them. So if there's an AI, for example, that can create problem sets for me to do with something that I am attempting to learn, and then explain to me the steps after I've attempted to find the solution, then I am more likely to retain that knowledge in the long run.

This would have been especially beneficial to me in my college statistics class, for example, where I had a prof who was... not much of an educator.

rahimnathwani
0 replies
18h16m

Not based on LLMs, but mathacademy.com sounds like what you need.

zombiwoof
0 replies
19h14m

Show of hands, who wants our already dopamine iPhone addicted kids learning from Her AI bot

xyst
0 replies
23h17m

I wonder what's the next hype after this? Maybe biotech again? Biotech + AI? Get your (propaganda) results beamed straight to your brain augmentation with a 3D overlay (just like the movies, bro!!).

But if you opted for the mega ultra premium gemini pro max++ model, then you get a minimal ad free experience. No wait, forget a monthly subscription. Think, micro subscription model on a per usage basis.

In your death bed and need life saving measures? Augmentation returns "402 Payment Required" before nanobots can proceed to excise the root of the issue. 5M SHIB tokens required. Unfortunately, 20G signal is not reliable in the Wilderness Zone, thus old school EMS services are dispatched to the scene. Unfortunately, EMS services do not accept your insurance and private EMS leaves the scene and dispatches public EMS services. The wait is 2 hours given the WZ.

You fail to receive life saving measures (ie, tPA) in time, thus resulting in impaired motor functions and decreased quality of life. The flashing 402 Payment Required prompt is forever imprinted in your augmentation.

walledstance
0 replies
4h19m

Anecdotal, yet lived experience collected from 150+ people across my district and state while at different training and seminar events. I am a teacher with 10 years in elementary, middle school and college classrooms. I have teacher friends from across the district and state I live in who resonate these ideas displayed below. 1. Behavior is a major obstacle for any classroom 2. More Tech and AI tools than I could want 3. Education is controlled by the wider community and home environments

1. Behavior:

From my experiences and in speaking to others, teaching any subject varies not because of the material, but the behavior. When behavior is a problem no teaching, no matter who or what is doing it will get done. Behaviors can range from sleeping in class because dad made you work at his out of home construction company till 2 or 3 am to get a project complete, or it could be your mom is tired of you going to school and instead wants you to “go hit up them streets because that’s where the real motion (money) at.” These two might sound like isolated cases, but they aren’t. There are many kids who live out of cars, sell themselves to get buy and other atrocious life circumstances. Learning usually can’t happen when you’re preoccupied with keeping yourself alive or afloat. Combining AI into the educational landscape can’t and won’t fix this disinterest in learning. You will have to fix home life first. The problems arise because behaviors, in the classroom, work on a spectrum. They are better some days and others not at all. This is because behavior follows home life. It is usually modeled from home and then is acted out away from home. When Nathan (name changed) see his brother and brothers friends carrying around guns, drugs, insert something other activity not safe for most students, he will naturally mirror the act. When these behaviors present in class, a good teacher can maneuver a class back into an educational focus. But being a good teacher requires many exhausting abilities such as knowing the current generations lingo, figuring out who is a natural leader in class, who are the other kids afraid of or respect, knowing their material and presenting it to the students in a way that fits their life circumstances. Being good at teaching is a multi-headed venture across multiple disciplines. This makes managing behaviors in class a challenging and exhaustive time sink, which tends to be the main issue with teaching being interrupted or difficult in a class. One child from a difficult place can make learning a challenge for a class full of goody-two-shoes. Teachers are unnecessarily pulled away because we have no other recourse but to handle and teach children who need more support than what can be offered in a class. Behavior is one of the main issues that many people overlook.

2. More Tech and AI tools than I could want:

When I sign into my Microsoft portal I am presented with more 3rd party teaching tools than I could ever want. I use none of them because they are yet another tool to learn and be trained on, they help mostly in presenting educational material, but have nothing to do with the flow and behavior management of class, they have their own technical problems that I don’t have time to deal with because behind my back Timothy has begun passing his shoe around the room for others to sniff, and the applications are gamified learning that trivializes or simplifies the educational materials. There are many more reasons I and most of the teachers I know and have met don’t use these systems. Work with teachers to learn how much teaching environments vary and how we can implement tech tools into that classroom in a way that prioritizes education. But know many teacher’s priorities will not be for VC attention, but because we want to educate student into society. Listening to us gives you the opportunity to hear and see what educating people is actually like rather than the inert surveys and data points collected on students that are disconnected from their lives experiences. Listening to the people with boots on the classroom means possibly making a system that actually does something for classes than just become another novelty the principal and the district can feel good about.

3. Education is controlled by the wider community and home environments:

Diane Ravitch, a leading thinker in the education realm, writes about all the changes she has been a part of and seen occur. In the end, her response to these failed reforms in school is that much of what happens in communities controls what occurs in schools. If you have a society that is splintered into social groups then that will typically be reflected in the classroom. First we must adjust society standards which will then alleviate the malignant issues in our schools. But as many teachers have said to principles and school officials, “Hey, what do I know, I’m just a teacher.”

victor9000
0 replies
14h53m

Using AI effectively requires having the subject knowledge to tell it where it's wrong, or if it has missed a critical part of the problem. My workflow involves making dozens of these corrections before I arrive at a workable answer. So how is a new student supposed to have the knowledge required to navigate this mess?

verdverm
0 replies
17h57m

Sal Khan gave a good Ted Talk on his thoughts around AI in Education. Some pretty cool demos in there showing what a tutor could be like and other opportunities

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJP5GqnTrNo

How AI Could Save (Not Destroy) Education | Sal Khan

---

edit: Khanmigo has its own site now

https://www.khanmigo.ai/

uptownfunk
0 replies
22h10m

Whatever anyone will say. I am glad he is doing something meaningful with his life beyond just making investors in OpenAI more wealthy. At some point I suspect the money just becomes a number and then you can afford to think about bigger things like how can we help alleviate some of the broader suffering in the world.

uoaei
0 replies
23h11m

Sounds like what it really is, is the largest prompt injection testing platform possible.

Kids everywhere will be learning nothing except how to hack these chatbots to get passing grades.

treprinum
0 replies
1d

Cool! Does Eureka Labs/Andrej plan to offer grad/PhD-level courses (or better) with similar topics to CS236, CS224N etc. in the future as well?

tonnydourado
0 replies
7h52m

The idea of a chatbot pretending to be a famous scientist trying to help me understand physics made me vomit in my mouth a little bit.

throwedu
0 replies
23h30m

Thats a zillion dollar company right there

theGnuMe
0 replies
4h29m

Makes sense. Picks and shovels . Great branding. It’ll be hugely successful.

terrycody
0 replies
15h35m

No ad, but https://www.synthesis.com/tutor is already did a very good job I think, they merged AI deeply into their online interactives learning guides, very impressive, you can try their tutor class, computer 0 and 1.

Btw, the founder also came out from Tesla, he helped Elon founded the school which taught kids from Telsa employee familys, I am wondering if they know each other lol, I think yes.

surfingdino
0 replies
22h17m

AI today cannot piece together a pizza recipe based on the thousands of recipes it was trained on so I'm not holding my breath waiting for it to become a useful tool in education.

sensanaty
0 replies
21h44m

This far in and they're still drawing 3 arms and you want me to believe these bullshit generators are gonna be useful in education?

We've collectively lost our minds with this AI hype

selectnull
0 replies
9h21m

I clearly remember checking out Volume 1 of Feynman's Lectures on Physics from local library, more than 30 years ago. I've read that stuff like a novel, refusing to return the book for the whole semester and was willing the pay the fine, ignoring the requests of the librarian :)

The idea that one could be taught physics by the virtual Feynman... oh my! There will be no better live person in the next hundred years, who could be better at the task than even fake Feynman.

Yes, I'm fully aware that the tech is not there yet and there are miriad of both technical and social problems to be solved but the mere idea of it really excites me.

rldjbpin
0 replies
11h20m

at the risk of discrediting the goodwill that his videos have been for the community, this comes across as an "interesting" development from a guy that has been behind the scenes of the recent development.

imho ai-based education is, in its own way, as hard to truly achieve as self-driving cars. the mechanical aspects can be mimicked for both with the sota, but the ideal version requires something intangible (call it agi shit for all i care).

i wish the hype and his reputation helps him get going for this long-term goal.

rhspeer
0 replies
21h31m

https://www.narratear.com/ is pretty far along with this, and the founders are solid.

rashidae
0 replies
16h9m

If this project reaches its potential, it will revolutionize access to quality education by decentralizing and personalizing learning environments, allowing for self-paced and individualized experiences. I hope he has the multidimensionality of requirements needed, including capital, talent, business, economics, and more to pull it off! I believe in his vision! Go Karpathy!

parentheses
0 replies
11h5m

What's most exciting to me is the amazing dev tools they may create..

m3kw9
0 replies
22h45m

Eventually they’d make an app for AR with a virtual human teacher, depending on the execution, it could work especially if they can make it so real that it can suspend disbelief it is just an avatar

localfirst
0 replies
18h26m

went from OpenAI killer to course selling real quick

langsoul-com
0 replies
11h35m

Isn't this what khan academy is doing. Except they also have normal learning AND are non-profit, so no vc returns pressure?

kmetan
0 replies
18h30m

Tell me the number of successful startups you have founded on your own, and I will tell you the probability of Eureka Labs being successful.

kleiba
0 replies
2h49m

At least in the country where I currently live, almost nothing is as highly regulated as the field of education. Also, teachers have a _very_ lobby.

To get an AI-based program adopted would be an uphill battle against all forces. Almost Herculian, I would argue, and almost guaranteed to not be worth it.

juliushuijnk
0 replies
1d

Hope it will enable all of us to become not just smarter, but also wiser :)

jrflowers
0 replies
22h56m

imagine working through very high quality course materials together with Feynman

I like this idea. What if you could study geometric function theory with Kaczynski? You could study chemical engineering with Thomas Midgley Jr!

Creative writing with L Ron Hubbard!

jppope
0 replies
23h39m

thank god for Andrej Karpathy... doing amazing work. I love this concept and look forward to seeing how things develop

huevosabio
0 replies
21h55m

Karpathy is amazing. A rare combination of top tier technical chops with top tier communication skills, wrapped in a wholesome person.

I am very excited for this and can't wait to try their products!

As an aside, odd to see people here are so pessimistic about the idea. Education is hard to scale because tutors are hard to scale. ChatGPT is already an ad-hoc educator for me, in a similar jump that Wikipedia was. Having a purpose-built product with a hand-crafted curriculum, that's a killer idea.

freejazz
0 replies
23h1m

Lord, spare me.

ecjhdnc2025
0 replies
22h39m

"I am not very observant where pictures are concerned"

Like... is that a satirical choice or what?

classified
0 replies
6h13m

This is wrong on so many levels. It is either incredibly naive or unscrupulous, neither of which is a good recommendation.

classified
0 replies
6h10m

I'm starting to develop a gag reflex each time I read "AI" in a headline. After cryptocurrencies and NFTs this is the current attractor for the world's most idiotic ideas.

carapace
0 replies
3h30m

Let me see if I can put into words the objections I have to "AI in education"

First of all, what is "AI"? I mean that in a literal operational sense: can you even explain the math and machinery that you're talking about? Because if you cannot, then you are advocating strapping children into Black Boxes (containing that rugby mascot!) that you don't even understand what they are, and that means you're nuts and should not be allowed anywhere near children.

Obviously, with Andrej Karpathy that's not the problem, but assuming that a person actually knows WTF they are even talking about with "AI", "AI in education" is still a bad idea.

First and foremost, consider the question of what even is a human being? And consider it in light of the contrast between us and our nearest living relatives the chimpanzees. What makes humans different than apes?

Well, it's thought and language and higher reasoning, and self-awareness, eh?

We do not fully understand how human brains do this, make these phenomenon happen. We do know that the process of becoming a human being is partially automatic (e.g. learning language) and partially the result of deliberate self-work.

The thesis of the "AI in education" people seems to be that this yet-mysterious process can and should be turned over to automatic machines, typically for economic (rather than social or philosophical) reasons.

Children taught by machine will think like that machine, to the extent that they think at all.

Metaphorically, it is as if these folks want to strap children into wheelchairs on the theory that that will make them better runners.

This brings me to the second objection: use it or lose it. If we rely on external devices to do our thinking for us our brains turn to jelly. It started with the written word, as noted by what's-his-name a couple thousand years ago, turning the faculty of memory into the mere faculty of recall. (If you don't know the difference between memory and recall you are doubtless the victim of just such a degenerate "education" system as these folk are proposing to intensify with automation.)

It's not difficult to learn to use your brain well. Unfortunately the knowledge of how to do this is still not recognized by mainstream conventional education systems. E.g.: you don't need memory aids if you just use self-hypnosis and mnemonics to "just remember". You don't need to learn to spell, you just need to learn the correct spelling strategy and then your brain spells for you, correctly, every time (you can even spell things backwards without any effort.)

There is a lot of low-hanging fruit in terms of ways to make education better, but automation is completely useless for it, because things that can be automated are not important human activities. Just as it's pointless to make a robot jog for you or eat for you it is pointless to make a robot think for you.

To sum up:

1) Becoming human is something only other humans can help you do. Machines can't make you human, they can only train you.

2) Using artificial aids rather than one's own natural faculties is regressive. (It's like using a wheelchair when you legs work fine.)

"AI in education" is oxymoronic, pernicious, and even dangerous. People who want to strap children into mysterious black boxes should be kept away from them (the children, not the black boxes.)

awwaiid
0 replies
18h1m

"Our first product will be the world's obviously best AI course, LLM101n."

Well obviously the target audience is actually AI-agents as part of the Super Intelligence ramp-up!

aayushjaiswal07
0 replies
1h11m

Learning depends a lot on self-commitment and the time you invest.

Great teachers know how to motivate students and keep them excited, which is crucial because many people give up during tough times.

But doing that at scale wasn't possible - until now.

Self-learning platforms had low completion rates, and cohort-based courses (CBCs) were seen as the future during COVID. But it turns out drop-offs are similar in CBCs since everyone learns at a different pace.

If we can learn from AI versions of the best teachers, it would be a game-changer. We could see massive improvements based on outcomes.

This is the closest we've ever been to matching the results universities can predictably produce. It'll be interesting to see if this works.

TechDebtDevin
0 replies
21h26m

What are the hardware requirements for this course though?

SrslyJosh
0 replies
23h1m

Please don't.

NotYourLawyer
0 replies
22h43m

This is a worse idea than the jump to conclusions mat. I have no doubt that some VC will value it in the billions.

Balgair
0 replies
21h50m

Outbound links with a bit more info in the reply!

Hey, I don't have a twitter account (long story). Can anyone post those links here?